Judiciarys Critical Role for the Success of the Advanced Alcohol Detection Technologies Research Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism Grand Hyatt Hotel Washington, DC August 22, 2007

Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 4

Outline Situational Analysis Technical Challenges Public Acceptance Challenges Critical Role of the Judiciary Conclusions August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 4

SITUATIONAL OVERVIEW Promise of Advanced In-vehicle Alcohol Detection Technologies August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 5

Situational Overview DWI Trips, Arrests, Convictions, Interlocks Installed August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism Billion Trips Annually by Car and Light Truck

Situational Overview DWI Trips, Arrests, Convictions, Interlocks Installed August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism Billion Trips Annually by Car and Light Truck 1.5 Million DWI Arrests Annually 1 Million DWI Convictions Annually 100,000 Ignition Interlocks Installed

August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 8 ½ of 1% of the trips taken annually by motor vehicle, produce over 40% of the traffic fatalities occurring annually

Situational Analysis Worldwide DWI Trends August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 9

Potential lives saved in the U.S. in 2004 if vehicle technologies limited driver BAC to specified levels – IIHS, 2006 Maximum BAC Permitted Lives Saved 0.15%4, %6, %7, %10, %12,319 August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 10

TECHNICAL CHALLENGES Promise of Advanced In-vehicle Alcohol Detection Technologies August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 11

Reliability Definition The probability for any given design or process to execute within the anticipated operational or design margin for a specified period of time and under expected operating conditions with a minimum amount of stoppage due to a design or to process errors, when working under normal operations through the assumed design life of a product or service. August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 12

Reliability 6-Sigma vs. 3-Sigma LevelYieldPPMPotential mis-BAC Readings 3-Sigma99.73%2,700961,200,000 6-Sigma %3.41,068,000 August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism Billion trips annually by personal vehicle Assumes only one BAC test per trip False positives, false negatives, failure to read

August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 14 Reliability 3-Sigma (2,700 PPM) vs. 6-Sigma (3.4 PPM) 3-Sigma case greatly exceeds estimated number of drunk driving trips occurring annually 961,200,000 mis-readings >> 159,000,000 DWI Trips 2.7 million potential mis-classifications per day 6-Sigma case still risks considerable consumer backlash 3,740 potential mis-classifications per day Almost 150 potential mis-classifications every hour

August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 15 Operational or Design Margin Impairment vs. Bright Line BAC Legal Limit 0.15%: Substantial impairment, vomiting, major loss of balance 0.10%: Slurred speech, poor coordination, slowed thinking 0.08%: Judgment, self-control, reasoning, memory impaired 0.05%: Exaggerated behavior, lowered alertness, release of inhibition 0.02%: Some judgment loss, slight body warmth, altered mood 0.15% 0.10% 0.08% 0.05% 0.02% BAC

August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 16 Expected Operating Conditions Operation over wide Temperature Range Needed

August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 17 Design Life Long Lifetimes Common

PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE CHALLENGES Promise of Advanced In-vehicle Alcohol Detection Technologies August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 18

August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 19 Alcohol Ignition Interlocks Alcohol Consumption in the U.S. According to the CDC: 37.5% of persons 18 years of age and older are considered a lifetime abstainer or a former drinker 62.5% are considered a current drinker Alcohol consumption among current drinkers is classified as follows: 68.8% light – 3 drinks or fewer per week 23.4% moderate – more than 3 drinks and up to 14 drinks per week 7.9% heavier – more than 14 drinks per week

August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 20 Alcohol Ignition Interlocks 1970s Safety Belt Interlock Experience Percentage of lifetime abstainers, former drinkers and light drinkers is similar to the percentage of safety belt nonusers in the 1970s While safety belt usage has risen to historically high levels Lifetime Abstainers, Former and Light Drinkers Moderate or Heavier Drinker 80% 20% 77% 23% Safety Belt Users Safety Belt Non-users

August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 21 Alcohol Ignition Interlocks 1970s Safety Belt Interlock Experience Consumer resistance to interlocks remains high Generally, the higher the effectiveness rating for a device, the lower the acceptability rating Consumers may consider interlocks to be excessive in their attempt to control driver behavior and limit freedom of choice Acceptability Effectiveness

August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 22 Privacy A Growing Concern of Consumers !

CRITICAL ROLE OF THE JUDICIARY Promise of Advanced In-vehicle Alcohol Detection Technologies August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 23

New Mexico 2004 August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 24

Potential lives saved in the U.S. in 2004 if vehicle technologies limited driver BAC to specified levels – IIHS, 2006 Maximum BAC Permitted Lives Saved 0.15%4, %6, %7, %10, %12,319 August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 25

Need to Close the GAP Between Arrests/Convictions and Interlocks Installed August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism Billion Trips Annually by Car and Light Truck 1.5 Million DWI Arrests Annually 1 Million DWI Convictions Annually 100,000 Ignition Interlocks Installed

Need to Close the GAP Between Arrests/Convictions and Interlocks Installed August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism Billion Trips Annually by Car and Light Truck 1.5 Million DWI Arrests Annually 1 Million DWI Convictions Annually 100,000 Ignition Interlocks Installed

Need to Close the GAP Between Arrests/Convictions and Interlocks Installed August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism Billion Trips Annually by Car and Light Truck 1.5 Million DWI Arrests Annually 1 Million DWI Convictions Annually 700,000 Ignition Interlocks Installed

CONCLUSIONS Promise of Advanced In-vehicle Alcohol Detection Technologies August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 29

Conclusions No silver bullets – suite of countermeasures needed to eliminate drunk driving Emerging technologies suggest that the possibility of eliminating drunk driving is real Substantial research and development is needed to confirm this possibility Need to expand application of current technology interlocks August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 30

Conclusions Small Quick Non-invasive Accurate Reliable Repeatable Fool-proof Durable Easy to maintain Supported by the Public August 22, 2007Use of Alcohol Ignition Interlocks for Reducing Impaired Driving Recidivism 31 To be effective, technologies must:

ROBERT STRASSBURGER Vice President, Vehicle Safety & Harmonization