An overview of the “roaring twenties” 10 Trends That Define the 1920s

1. The rise of the entertainment industry Part of the roar of the 20s came from a vibrant entertainment scene in the United States.

2. The age of the automobile Widespread ownership of the automobile profoundly changed America.

Henry Ford’s mass production of the model t made the automobile affordable for the average American. Identify the changes that widespread automobile ownership brought to the US.

3. Rise of the mass consumption economy The economy of the 1920s surged due to heavy consumer spending. This spending was made possible with credit and stimulated by a new industry, advertising.

4. The failure of prohibition Prohibition lasted from 1918-1933. What were the primary effects of prohibition?

Per capita alcohol consumption

5. Women challenge traditional norms After gaining suffrage in the 1920s, what would be next for women?

6. Rising intolerance During the 1920s, many Americans expressed an intolerance for those who were different. Which groups were targeted?

Targeted groups: Immigrants African- Americans political radicals Catholics Jews religious rebels

7. The Harlem renaissance

Harlem Renaissance First known as the “New Negro Movement,” later termed the Harlem Renaissance, this movement brought unprecedented creative activity in writing, art, and music and expressed African- American pride in their heritage.

8. The return of conservative rule After two decades of progressivism, the 1920s saw the return of conservative politicians to power. What policies did they pursue?

Domestic politics Fordney-McCumber Tariff (1922): Raised tariffs Revenue Act of 1924, lowered taxes and government spending McNary-Haugen Farm Relief Bill vetoed twice by Coolidge Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act (1930): Raised tariffs to the highest levels EVER.

9. Anti-war foreign policy With bitter feelings toward World War I, the US pursued polices to avoid future wars.

Foreign Policy of the 1920s Neutrality Acts: Prevented the US from trading with nations at war Washington Naval Arms Conference: Arms reduction conference hosted by the US Kellogg-Briand Pact: Treaty eventually signed by 62 nations outlawing war Stimson Doctrine: The US would not recognize territorial changes gained through force

10. A fascination with the stock market Investors during the 1920s worshiped the stock market only to be bitterly disappointed in October 1929.

Al Capone Alfred P. Sloan Jr Al Capone Alfred P. Sloan Jr. Alice Paul Amelia Earhart Andrew Mellon Babe Ruth Bobby Jones Calvin Coolidge Charles Lindbergh Charlie Chaplin D.W. Griffith Duke Ellington Eliot Ness Ernest Hemmingway F. Scott Fitzgerald George Gershwin George Washington Carver Gertrude Ederle Guglielmo Marconi Henry Ford Jesse Owens John T. Scopes Langston Hughes Louis Armstrong Marcus Garvey Margaret Sanger Mary Pickford Mitchell Palmer Red Grange Robert Goddard Rudolph Valentino Sacco & Vanzetti Scottsboro Boys W.E.B. DuBois Walt Disney Warren Harding