KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT (KM) Session # 26

The Four Characteristics of Ba Socialization Externalization Face-to-face Peer-to-peer Originating Ba Interacting Ba Existential Reflective On-the-site Group-to-group Exercising Ba Cyber Ba Synthetic Systemic Internalization Combination

Knowledge Assets: 1.Experiential K: Shared tacit built through shared hands-on experience among staff, customers and suppliers etc. Skills and know-how gained . 2. Conceptual K: Images, language and concepts held by customers and staff.

Knowledge Assets: 3.Systemic K: Systematized and packaged K. in manuals documents, product info and info of customers/suppliers. 4. Routine K: Tacit K. which is embedded in actions and practices . Culture and How we do things around here!

Leadership! Top Leadership is responsible for articulating K. Vision! Middle Leadership has to create and sustain Ba ! Both are responsible for the availability of K. assets. Controlling Mgt / Info cannot help create Knowledge!

Spiral Evolution of Knowledge Conversion Process Tacit Knowledge Tacit Knowledge Socialization Externalization i i i i i Tacit Knowledge g i Explicit Knowledge i i o g g g o g Tacit Knowledge i Explicit Knowledge g Internalization Combination i: Individual g: Group o: Organization Explicit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge

The Knowledge ‘Spiral’ continues to create Knowledge Four conversion modes put together builds the basis for the ‘spiral’ of organizational knowledge creation It is viewed as an ongoing process

Knowledge Creation / Generation (Nonaka) A spiraling process of interactions between Explicit and Tacit knowledge where ideas form in the minds of individuals Interaction with others is usually a critical step in developing the ideas EXPLICIT TACIT Individual Group Organization Inter-Org.

Sustainable competitive advantage is achieved when the firm is able to create growth in k. assets without competitor being able to imitate K. Creation / Innovation!

Practice Exercises 1. Explain what is meant by organizational knowledge generation? 2. Provide examples of knowledge processes where knowledge is treated as “Explicit Stock.” 3. Explain the knowledge generation process where knowledge is created by four modes of on going conversion. 4. Identify various organizational, managerial and technological support amenable for each of these four modes.

Organizational support needed for each quadrant Tacit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge TO Tacit Knowledge FROM 1. SOCIALIZATION 2. EXTERNALIZATION Explicit Knowledge 4. INTERNALIZATION 3. COMBINATION Organizational support needed for each quadrant

Managerial support needed for each quadrant Tacit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge TO Tacit Knowledge FROM 1. SOCIALIZATION 2. EXTERNALIZATION Explicit Knowledge 4. INTERNALIZATION 3. COMBINATION Managerial support needed for each quadrant

Technological support needed for each quadrants Tacit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge TO Tacit Knowledge FROM 1. SOCIALIZATION 2. EXTERNALIZATION Explicit Knowledge 4. INTERNALIZATION 3. COMBINATION Technological support needed for each quadrants