Design Sequence Economics: is the port economically justified?

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Presentation transcript:

Design Sequence Economics: is the port economically justified? Site Selection: Where should the Port be developed

Coastal Geomorphology Study of Coastal Landforms, Their Origin and Evolution and the Processes That Shape Them

References for Site Selection Nautical charts: Best for coastal navigation and underwater features Topographic (quad) Maps: Best for uplands Aerial photography (including “google Earth” satellite imagery: Good for land features and upland development

Coastal Features

Sediment Budget LOSSES GAINS Longshore Transport Longshore Transport Offshore Bars Sediment Budget Rivers Sediment Budget Offshore Deep Water Cliff and Berm Erosion Offshore Bars Onshore Wind Transport Beach Nourishment Beach Mining

Sediment budget 2 Sediment Budget Longshore Transport Cliff Erosion Offshore Sand Bars Cliff Erosion Longshore Transport

Spit (sediment sink) Erosion Deposition

Cliff Erosion Primary Causes: Wind & Rain Freeze Thaw Waves (high water)

Be careful using old charts 1984 Is the spit in a stable equilibrium? 1990 Or is it eroding?

Alluvial Fans Caution: Created by river sediments deposited into deepwater. Characterized by relatively flat inter tidal zone and steep rounded outer face. Outer face is usually close to angle of repose (about 2H:1V). Typically comprised of uniform sand and gravel suitable for construction including dredging and pile driving. Caution: River sediments need to be factored into design. Alluvial fans can have high risk of failure during seismic events.

Alluvial Fans

Alluvial Fans Before 1964 Earthquake Currently New Cruise Ship Dock

Glacial – Terminal & Lateral Moraines Blackstone Bay

Be sure to read the Charts

Cuspate Bar: From 84 SPM Appendix A

Point Hope North Shore Eroding at 10’ per year South Shore accreting at 10’ per year

Effect of Coastal Structures Accretion Erosion

1000’

Delong Mountain Terminal (Red Dog) Erosion Original Shoreline Accretion Delong Mountain Terminal (Red Dog)

Offshore bars Strong Longshore Currents Offshore Bars

Most Charts soundings are Fathoms but not always Note: “Feet” not “Fathoms” Most Charts soundings are Fathoms but not always

Port of Anchorage

Headlands Headlands will often have shallow bedrock. Look for irregular contours. Generally higher and steeper shorelines with more difficult onshore access.

Pocket Beaches Pocket Beaches: Situated between headlands. Generally deep deposit of sand & gravel. Easy dredging and pile driving but very active sedimentation.

Areas of Environmental Sensitivity Kelp Eel Grass Other Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV)

Homework 1 CE A675 1.Using the Chart for Akhiok Island (black & white copies): Identify all the sediment sources (red) Identify all the sediment sinks (blue) Areas of difficult construction (rocky) Areas of easy construction (sand & gravel) Areas that would be environmentally sensitive (green) 2. We are going to place a fuel storage tank on the island and need to service it with a 400’ long self propelled barge with a 15 foot loaded draft. Show a good location for constructing a dock of a similar length and sketch it in. Allow 3 feet under keel at mllw. Assume prevailing wind & waves are from the South (Bottom of Page). Provide a one page (maximum) write up explaining your Selection.

Homework 1 chart

Homework 1 CE A675 Using the attached charts of Homer Spit discuss it formation and how it evolved. Is it really a spit or perhaps a terminal moraine or some other type of feature?