HIV and HLA Class I: An Evolving Relationship Philip J.R. Goulder, Bruce D. Walker  Immunity  Volume 37, Issue 3, Pages 426-440 (September 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.09.005 Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Defined HLA Class I and Class II Alleles by Year from 1968–2012 Graph taken from http://www.ebi.ac.uk/imgt/hla/intro.html, copyright SGE Marsh 07/2012, with permission. Immunity 2012 37, 426-440DOI: (10.1016/j.immuni.2012.09.005) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Potential Mechanisms of HLA-Associated Impact on Viral Control The HLA class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of three alpha helices and β-2 microglobulin. The alpha 1 and alpha 2 domains together form the peptide binding groove, which presents viral peptides at the surface of an infected cell, and this complex is in turn recognized by the T cell receptor on CD8+ T cells, through interactions with both the TCR and CD8 receptor (shown). The HLA molecule or peptide-HLA complex may also bind KIR and LILR (not shown). The mechanisms by which HLA and its interactions with CD8+ T cells, TCR, epitope, and infected cells, as well as HLA-specific mechanisms, have been shown to modulate the efficacy of HIV control are listed. Immunity 2012 37, 426-440DOI: (10.1016/j.immuni.2012.09.005) Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions