Adding ketamine to morphine for patient-controlled analgesia after thoracic surgery: influence on morphine consumption, respiratory function, and nocturnal.

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Adding ketamine to morphine for patient-controlled analgesia after thoracic surgery: influence on morphine consumption, respiratory function, and nocturnal desaturation  P. Michelet, C. Guervilly, A. Hélaine, J.P. Avaro, D. Blayac, F. Gaillat, T. Dantin, P. Thomas, F. Kerbaul  British Journal of Anaesthesia  Volume 99, Issue 3, Pages 396-403 (September 2007) DOI: 10.1093/bja/aem168 Copyright © 2007 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Cumulative morphine consumption by 12 h period between the morphine group and morphine/ketamine group. Data are expressed as means (sd). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2007 99, 396-403DOI: (10.1093/bja/aem168) Copyright © 2007 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Percentage of time with Spo2 desaturation < 95% during the three first postoperative nights between the morphine group and the morphine/ketamine group. Data are expressed as means (sd). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2007 99, 396-403DOI: (10.1093/bja/aem168) Copyright © 2007 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Percentage of time with Spo2 desaturation < 90% during the first three postoperative nights between the morphine group and the morphine/ketamine group. Data are expressed as means (sd). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2007 99, 396-403DOI: (10.1093/bja/aem168) Copyright © 2007 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 FEV1 at the different times of spirometric assessment between the morphine group and the morphine/ketamine group. Data are expressed as means (sd); POD, postoperative day. *P < 0.001 vs preoperative values. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2007 99, 396-403DOI: (10.1093/bja/aem168) Copyright © 2007 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 FVC at the different times of spirometric assessment between the morphine group and the morphine/ketamine group. Data are expressed as means (sd); POD, postoperative day. *P < 0.001 vs preoperative values. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2007 99, 396-403DOI: (10.1093/bja/aem168) Copyright © 2007 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

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