You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive.

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You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive. Like the present subjunctive, the past subjunctive is used mainly in multiple-clause sentences that express states and conditions such as will, influence, emotion, commands, indefiniteness, and nonexistence.

estudiar Aprender Recibir estudiáramos estudiaras estudiaran aprendiera aprendiéramos aprendieras aprendieran recibiera recibiéramos recibieras recibiéra recibieran

The past subjunctive endings are the same for all verbs. The past subjunctive is formed using the Uds./ellos/ellas form of the preterite. By dropping the -ron ending from this preterite form, you establish the stem of all the past subjunctive forms. To this stem you then add the past subjunctive endings. -ra -ramos -ras X -ran

For verbs with irregular preterites, add the past subjunctive endings to the irregular stem.

For verbs that are stem-changing in the preterite tense, and verbs that have spelling changes in the preterite tense, also start with the ellos/ellas/ustedes form of the preterite tense to form the past subjunctive.

The past subjunctive is used in the same contexts and situations as the present subjunctive and the present perfect subjunctive, except that it generally describes actions, events, or conditions that have already happened.

Main clause Subordinate Clause Preterite or imperfect indicative Past subjunctive Emotion Will/influence Nonexistence Doubt, denial Nonexixstence