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Presentation transcript:

Your bell ringer is on the whiteboard.

How do musical instruments work?

Wave review Velocity is constant for any given medium, unless there are temperature variations. Medium or temperature must be changed to change the velocity Musical notes require a standing wave v = fl

l = 2L l v=f*2L L How a Guitar String Vibrates A node must be at either end. l = 2L l v=f*2L

Why multiple frequencies on one string?

How does a Guitar String Vibrate? Fundamental frequency 1st Harmonic 2nd Harmonic 3rd Harmonic 4th Harmonic

fn = f1 n =# of ANTI-NODES Fundamental n=1 2nd Harmonic n=2 50 Hz 2nd Harmonic n=2 100 Hz 3rd Harmonic n=3 150 Hz 4th Harmonic n=4 200 Hz

Tube Instrument Open at both ends

Tube Instrument - Open at both ends Antinodes at either end! l = 2L v=f*2L

Tube Instrument Open at both ends Antinodes at either end! fn = f1 n: the # of NODES v = 2fL

Tube Instrument - Closed at one end Node Antinode l = 4L v=f*4L

Tube Instrument – Open at one end Node at closed end Anti-node at open end fn = f1 v = 4fL