Biotechnology Genetic Engineering

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Presentation transcript:

Biotechnology Genetic Engineering ALL LIVING THINGS – are made of DNA (A-T-C-G)

DNA Molecule

The Universal Code

Recombinant DNA Genetic Modification Genetic Engineering also known as Gene Splicing Recombinant DNA Genetic Modification

Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology.

Cloning Dolly Cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals. In nature organisms such as bacteria, reproduce asexually. (Binary Fission).

ZYGOTE

Types of Cloning • Duplicating a person e.g. identical twins. This is called “Reproductive” cloning. • Duplicating part of a person e.g. a heart or liver, or even just a few cells. This is called “Therapeutic” cloning.

Stem Cells Stem cells are cells that may develop into many different types of cells in the body. They serve as a repair system for the body. There are two main types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells.

Controversy from using embryos. Stem Cells Stem cells are generic cells that can differentiate into – various things. Controversy from using embryos. 1. Treat Disease 2. Grow New Cells

Produced artificially Gene splicing The process in which fragments (a piece) of DNA from one or more different organisms are combined to form recombinant DNA. Produced artificially Cancer research, increased fertility, vaccine production, diabetes treatment

Glow in the dark cat?

Recombinant DNA

The Role of Enzymes in Genetic Engineering Enzymes are proteins

Genetic Engineering produces insulin for diabetics

Gene splicing

Gene splicing

Gene splicing

Gene splicing

Gene splicing

as shown in the diagram below. 1.Genes for medically important proteins can be cloned and inserted into bacteria, as shown in the diagram below. Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein? A. DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same. B. Bacterial cells contain the same organelles as human cells. C. The basic components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria. D. Bacterial cells and human cells contain the same kind of chromosomes. Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein? A. DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same. B. Bacterial cells contain the same organelles as human cells. C. The basic components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria. D. Bacterial cells and human cells contain the same kind of chromosomes.