Chapter 9 Lessons 9.1-9.2 Pages 378 - 408 CLASSIFICATION Chapter 9 Lesson 9.1 Pages 378 - 391 Chapter 9 Lesson 9.2 pages  378 - 402 Chapter 9 Lessons 9.1-9.2 Pages 378 - 408

Learning Target SC.6.L.15.1 - Analyze and describe how and why organisms are classified according to shared characteristics, with emphasis on the Linnaean system combined with the concept of Domains.

What are common characteristics to all living things? Classification 3-26-19 What are common characteristics to all living things? Why do we sort living things into groups? 1. Organization, movement, development and growth, respond to their environment and reproduce. 2. Sorting helps us organize, makes it easier to understand, improves communication. Determine number and different types of living things and how they relate.

IN 1.Common characteristics of living things are organization, movement, development and growth, respond to their environment and reproduce. Sorting living things into groups helps us organize, makes it easier to understand. Determine number and different types of living things and how they relate.

Identify things that are classified https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B_h33ak73JC5U3B3SURWV3RuWjA/edit What does classify mean? To organize! https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1yKgnQ9eEpfNcXXLpRVi-cg7iSIr-NGnCpDZtS4xiRWY/edit#slide=id.p

OUT How can a system of organizing life be helpful to scientists when discovering a new life form? https://edpuzzle.com/media/5a6792b0ac9e034126f3abf9

LEARNING TARGET Identify some characteristics that are used to put common organisms into categories. Explain that binomial nomenclature is an organism’s scientific name made up of two Latin words for genus and species.

“Through” Classification System Sorted based upon number of cells (prokaryotic or eukaryotic), how they obtain energy (consumers/heterotrophs or producers/heterotrophs), how they reproduce TAXONOMY – the science of describing, classifying and naming living things.

This guy: .” In other words, Linnaeus decided to devise a classification system for living things. Linnaeus devised a METHOD to:   “join the similar to the similar, and to separate the dissimilar from the dissimilar in nature”

“Through” Classification System Draw this…we’ll fill it in later

FAMILY- only child/non-only child DUCKS KIDS PHYSICAL DIFFERENCES –males/non-males COLOR OF HAIR- blondes/non-blondes ORTHODONTIA –braces/non-braces FAMILY- only child/non-only child GLASSES- glasses/non-glasses SHORTS- shorts/non-shorts Either/or We do “nons” in case something doesn’t fit. Redheads or brunettes or black hair or purple hair Do you think we’ll have more or less students in the last group? Least amount, but with most similarities; groups get smaller and smaller

“Through” Classification System -More Organisms -Less similar -Less organisms -More similar Pyramid is upside down, because the biggest group is on top, smallest group on bottom

PNEUMONIC DEVICE – HOW CAN WE REMEMBER THE CORRECT ORDER? Domain –largest group, least number of similar characteristics Species -smallest group, greatest number of similarities

“Through” Classification System SPECIES – organisms that are similar enough to produce fertile offspring together. (WHY? Reproduction) LlINNAEAS originally only had 7 categories, we now have 8 Notice Genus/Species (this gives rise to naming system)

What’s in a Name? Linnaeus is also responsible for the Scientific Naming System. Prior to him, some organisms had up to 12 words used to ID them! Why important? Prevent confusion when discussing organisms

“Through” Classification System SPECIES – organisms that are similar enough to produce fertile offspring together. (WHY? Reproduction) LlINNAEAS originally only had 7 categories, we now have 8 Notice Genus/Species (this gives rise to naming system)

SCIENTIFIC NAMES Genus species: Always italicized; Genus (first part of name) always capitalized; Species (second part of name) always lower case. (Latin or Greek – most common languages) This system of giving every organism two names is called binomial nomenclature: bi – two     nom – name The binomial for humans is Homo sapiens. The binomial for dog is Canis lupus familiaris The binomial for house cat is Felis domesticus Always italicized; Genus (first part of name) always capitalized; Species (second part of name) always lower case. The scientific name for dog has been Canis lupus familiaris since 1993. For more than 200 years before that, the dog had been classified as Canis familiaris and Canis familiaris domesticus, both of which were assigned by naturalist Carolus Linnaeus in 1758. Linneaus classified living things in binomial nomenclature (the two-part scientific name assigned to all living things by genus and species). The Meaning of the Dog’s Scientific Name In 1993, the Smithsonian Institution and the American Association of Mammalogists reclassified the dog’s scientific name to reflect its close relationship with the wolf (Canis lupus). It’s now commonly accepted that all breeds of domestic dog descend from wolves. Canis comes from the Latin word for dog, while lupus is the Latin word for wolf. Familiaris means familiar or friendly, so the dog’s scientific name can be loosely translated as “friendly wolf dog.”

“Through” Classification System SPECIES – organisms that are similar enough to produce fertile offspring together. (WHY? Reproduction) LlINNAEAS originally only had 7 categories, we now have 8 Notice Genus/Species (this gives rise to naming system)

Name that Animal https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1yKgnQ9eEpfNcXXLpRVi-cg7iSIr- NGnCpDZtS4xiRWY/edit#slide=id.p https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1yKgnQ9eEpfNcXXLpRVi-cg7iSIr-NGnCpDZtS4xiRWY/edit#slide=id.p

Classification Lab https://edpuzzle.com/media/5aee20966b8cf740e 3619805 http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/sc ience/virtual_labs/E07/E07.html https://edpuzzle.com/media/5aee20966b8cf740e3619805 http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/E07/E07.html

https://edpuzzle.com/media/5a6792b0ac9e034126f3abf9 https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1yKgnQ9eEpfNcXXLpRVi-cg7iSIr-NGnCpDZtS4xiRWY/edit#slide=id.p https://www.brainpop.com/science/diversityoflife/classification/ https://edpuzzle.com/media/5a6792b0ac9e034126f3abf9 https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1UH0WvNdpJOsIBf9INV8pQXsJqRrOcpCFpV9SZ69Wxhk/edit#slide=id.g32666f7cb0_0_53 https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/13cMEDu3H3zOKqr--ckgZN6lNsjLvvPV-nFYwd62H4Jc/edit#slide=id.g3270255325_0_0 https://edpuzzle.com/media/5a6752573f199b4138c79529 https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/13cMEDu3H3zOKqr--ckgZN6lNsjLvvPV-nFYwd62H4Jc/edit#slide=id.g3270255325_0_0

Classifying Organisms IN What are two (2) types of characteristics scientists use to determine relationships among organisms? Scientists use 1. physical characteristics and 2. chemical characteristics to determine relationships among organisms.

Classifying Organisms 3-27-19 IN What are two (2) types of characteristics scientists use to determine relationships among organisms? Scientists use 1. Physical characteristics 2. Chemical characteristics to determine relationships among organisms.

Classifying Organisms HOW DO SCIENTISTS DETERMINE HOW LIVING THINGS ARE RELATED? Physical Characteristics: shape, bone structure, how they develop into an adult Chemical Characteristics: genetic material (DNA and RNA), hormones and proteins Scientists use physical and chemical characteristics to identify relationships among species. Characteristics used to put organisms into categories are physical and chemical characteristics Shared characteristics include: If similar skeleton and development (egg to adult), or (Vertebrates and invertebrates) may be related Or similar gene sequences and mutations

OUT 1.What are the four kingdoms that living things are classified in? 2.Explain how scientists determine which kingdom a living organism belongs. 1. protists, fungi, plantae, animalia 2. They look at four things, # of cells, food, nucleus and reproduction

OUT 1.What are the four kingdoms that living things are classified in? 1. protists, fungi, plantae, Animalia 2.Explain how scientists determine which kingdom a living organism belongs. 2. They look at four things, number of cells, food, nucleus and reproduction

Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup CLASSIFICATION DOMAIN, KINGDOM, PHYLUM, CLASS, ORDER, FAMILY, GENUS, SPECIES Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup

Classifying Organisms Would you classify these organisms together? Earthworms and caterpillars have similar characteristics – long, skinny segmented bodies, Worm – no legs or eyes, regenerates, underground Caterpillar – legs, eyes, above ground, part of a butterfly life cycle

Kingdom of Domain Eukaryra:   Kingdom Fungi includes organisms that get energy by decomposing materials in their environment.

Classifying Organisms Same colors, both have wings, live in florida Butterfly is an insect Scrub jay is a bird Not classified by ability to fly or color or habitat – these 2 have similar traits but not scientifically grouped Just because they have similar appearance, behavior or habitat doesn’t mean they are biologically similar or related. x x x x x

HUMANS   Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Hominidae Genus: Homo Species: Homo sapiens Song https://edpuzzle.com/media/5a6752573f199b4138c79529

Classifying Organisms http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/E07/E07.html

IN Which is the correct order from largest to smallest: Kingdom, domain, species Domain, family, phylum Phylum, class, genus Domain, genus, order https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1yKgnQ9eEpfNcXXLpRVi-cg7iSIr-NGnCpDZtS4xiRWY/edit#slide=id.p https://www.brainpop.com/science/diversityoflife/classification/ https://edpuzzle.com/media/5a6792b0ac9e034126f3abf9 https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1UH0WvNdpJOsIBf9INV8pQXsJqRrOcpCFpV9SZ69Wxhk/edit#slide=id.g32666f7cb0_0_53 The correct order from largest to smallest is C! phylum, class, genus.

OUT Both have several similar physical characteristics such as fins and gills. The 2 organisms most closely related are B! (1 and 3) because they have similar physical characteristics.

Why is organization necessary at home, in school and sports? How can a system of organizing life be helpful to scientists when discovering a new life form? Why is it necessary to classify a newly discovered life form? How do scientist know some life forms are related? What chemical characteristics could be used to classify life? Why is it important to the science community that the classification be a universal system?

animal archaea bacteria Binomial-nomenclature characteristics class classify domain eukarya family fungus genus invertebrate kingdom order organism phylum plant protist species vertebrate

ARTICLES https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/09/14090 3-evolution-animal-dendrogramma-mushroom-species- ocean/ https://newsela.com/read/obama-fish/id/25275 https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-have-named-this- new-sorting-hat-looking-spider-species-after-a-harry- potter-character https://newsela.com/read/Russia-animal-liger/id/26469/