Rayat Shikshan Sanstha's S. M. Joshi College, Hadapsar, Pune-28 Department of Psychology 2018-2019 Prof. Shilpa Kumbhar M. A. SET, Ph. D. (Pursuing)

Work in the 21st Century Chapter 1 What is Industrial and Organizational Psychology?

Module 1.1: Fundamentals of I-O Psychology Importance of I-O psychology Importance of work in people’s lives What is I-O psychology? The application of psychological principles, theory, and research to the work setting.

Fundamentals of I-O Psychology (cont’d) SIOP (Division 14 of APA) Fields of I-O Psychology Personnel psychology Organizational psychology Human engineering

Evidence-Based I-O Psychology I-O psychologists have become increasingly focused on making evidence-based decisions in their work in organizations. This includes using a decision-making process that combines critical thinking with use of best available scientific evidence. (what are big data?) I-O psychologists are well positioned to develop and utilize evidence-based practices as they have adopted the scientist-practitioner model to guide the field.

The past, present, and future of I-O Psychology The Past – Important Dates/Events in I-O Psychology The Present – Demographics and Career Paths Future Challenges to I-O Psychology

Brief History of I-O Psychology 1876-1930 Hugo Munsterburg, James McKeen Cattell, Walter Dill Scott, & Walter Van Dyke Bingham World War 1: Army Alpha & Army Beta Tests 1917 – First Ph.D. in Industrial Psychology awarded to Lillian Gilbreth Research in time & motion study → Human Engineering

Brief History of I-O Psychology (cont'd) 1930-1964 Hawthorne Studies, Human Relations (introduced the “O” side) Human relations movement Theories of motivation Emotional world of the worker Studies of job satisfaction WWII Civil Rights Act of 1964 & Title VII

Civil Rights Act of 1964 & Title VII Title VII specified demographic groups to be protected from employment discrimination Groups named in 1964 Race Color Gender National origin Religion 2 additional protected groups added later ADEA (age) 1967 ADA (disability) 1990

Figure 1.2: Where I-O Psychologists are Employed

Preparing for a Career in I-O Psychology Education & training Getting into a graduate program Consideration of GPA & GRE score(s) Relevant coursework (e.g., statistics) More emphasis on coursework than major

Challenges to I-O in 21st Century I-O psychology needs to be: Relevant Useful Grounded in scientific method

Changes in the Workplace Since 1980 Personal computing Telecommuting & virtual teams Videoconferencing Providing a service vs. manufacturing “goods” Nature of work more fluid Teams vs. the individual Little stability Family-friendly workplaces Greater diversity Global workplace Milton Montenegro/Getty Images