Ecology Review! Created by Educational Technology Network. www.edtechnetwork.com 2009

Observation and inference Scientific Method Food Webs Energy Pyramids Relation-ships Observation and inference 10 20 30 40 50

Question 1 - 10 Organize the steps of the scientific process in the correct order: Construct a hypothesis Report your results Ask a question Background research Test your hypothesis Analyze your data

Answer 1 – 10 Correct Order: C, D, A, E, F, B Ask a question Background research Construct a hypothesis Test your hypothesis Analyze your data Report your results

Question 2 - 20 Lisa is working on a science project. Her task is to answer the question: "Does Rogooti (which is a commercial hair product) affect the speed of hair growth"? Her family is willing to volunteer for the experiment. What is the responding variable?

Answer 2 – 20 Speed of hair growth

Question 3 - 30 You decide to study how studying while listening to music effects test scores. What is the independent (manipulated) variable?

Answer 3 – 30 Listening to music while studying

Question 4 - 40 What is a control variable?

Answer 4 – 40 A variable that is kept constant throughout an experiment.

Question 5 - 50 State one inference based on this picture.

Answer 5 – 50 Someone got injured in the car accident Neither car stopped at the stop sign The person in the booth called 911 Inference: A conclusion that is made based off of observations.

Question 1 - 10 How many food chains are in this food web?

Answer 1 – 10 5

Question 2 - 20 List all of the secondary consumers in this food web.

Answer 2 – 20 Eagle Blue bird Lizard

Question 3 - 30 What helps producers make their own food? BONUS: What is this process called?

Answer 3 – 30 The sun Carbon dioxide Water BONUS: photosynthesis

Question 4 - 40 Which way do the arrows point in a food web or food chain?

Answer 4 – 40 Towards the organism that is eating Towards the consumer

Question 5 - 50 What is the difference between a scavenger and a decomposer?

Answer 5 – 50

Question 1 - 10 Which section of the pyramid represents secondary consumers?

Answer 1 – 10 Level 3

Question 2 - 20 Which section of the pyramid represents the first trophic level?

Answer 2 – 20 Level 1

Question 3 - 30 In which section of the pyramid would herbivores belocated?

Answer 3 – 30 Level 2

Question 4 - 40 How much energy is passed on to the next level of an energy pyramid?

Answer 4 – 40 10% The other 90% of the energy is lost as heat during metabolism (when one organism digests another)

Question 5 - 50 Place the following organisms on the correct trophic level of an energy pyramid:

Answer 5 – 50

Question 1 - 10 What type of relationship do these images represent?

Answer 4 – 10 Mutualism – both organisms benefit

Question 2 - 20 What relationship does this scenario represent: A coyote captures, kills and eats a rabbit.

Answer 2 – 20 Predation – where one organism hunts and feeds an another.

Question 3 - 30 What relationship does this scenarios describe: A tapeworm lives in the intestine of a dog. It absorbs food the dog has eaten and grows larger in the process. The dog becomes weaker from malnutrition.

Answer 3 – 30 Parasitism – one species benefits and the other is harmed.

Question 4 - 40 Aspen trees provide shade for small spruce and fir trees. They would not grow as well in direct sunlight. This is an example of what type of relationship?

Answer 4 – 40 Commensalism – one organism benefits (spruce & fir trees) and the other is neither harmed nor benefits (aspen trees).

Question 5 - 50 What type of relationship is this an example of: Bighorn sheep take in worm eggs when grazing. The worm eggs hatch in the intestines and the larvae migrate to muscle tissue. When the larvae mature, they bore into capillaries and float to the lungs where they form cysts. Large numbers of these can affect the breathing of the bighorn sheep.

Answer 5 – 50 Parasitism

Question 1 - 10 The lion is in charge. Observation or inference?

Answer 1 – 10 inference

Question 2 - 20 There are 7 animals at the table. Observation or inference?

Answer 2 – 20 Observation

Question 3 - 30 List 3 examples of abiotic factors

Answer 3 – 30 Air Wind Light Temperature Water Many others!

Question 4 - 40 Which are has higher biodiversity, a desert or a tropical rain forest?

Answer 4 – 40 A tropical rain forest

Question 5 - 50 Which of these is an example of a monoculture?

Answer 5 – 50