Spring Semester Final Review Questions by: T. Shorter Power Point by: K. Pease

Gregor Mendel studied pea plants in his garden during the 1800’s Gregor Mendel studied pea plants in his garden during the 1800’s. He is know as the father of ___________. GENETICS

TT Cc zz Gg bb NN Qq Dd Vv HH Yy xx EE Jj Draw a circle around all Heterozygous genotypes above Draw a square around all Homozygous genotypes.

Explain the difference between dominant and recessive traits. Dominant traits =stronger allele, represented by being written with a CAPITAL letter (TT) Recessive Traits = weaker allele, represented by being written as a lower case letter. (tt)

A cross between a green eyed person and a blue eyed person produces four blue eyed children. What is most likely the dominant color? Blue eyes

Capital letters represent _______ alleles in a genetic cross Capital letters represent _______ alleles in a genetic cross. Lower Case letters represent a __________ alleles in a genetic cross. dominant recessive

Describe the difference between phenotype and genotype. Phenotype =physical appearances Genotype =genetic alleles

Name the type of reproduction (asexual or sexual) seen in each of the pictures below.

Asexual reproduction involves __ parent and results in ___ offspring. 1 identical Sexual reproduction involves __ parent and results in ___ offspring. 2 diverse

The __________ is an organ in the male reproductive system that produces gametes (sex cells) called ___________. testi sperm

ovary The __________ is an organ in the female reproductive system that produces gametes (sex cells) called ___________. eggs

External ___________ fertilization is a type of reproduction where eggs cells are fertilized by sperm OUTSIDE of the body.

In humans the _________ pair of chromosomes determines the sex of the offspring. 23 xx __________ chromosomes will result in a female offspring and __________ will result in a male offspring. xy

Identify the following traits as inherited or acquired. A: Nose Shape E: Scar on Arm B: Hair Color F: Skin color C: Eye Color G: Attitude D: Personality H: Curly Hair Acquired Inherited Acquired Inherited Inherited Acquired Inherited Acquired

If brown eyes are dominant, draw a punnett square to show how two brown-eyed parents can have a child with blue eyes. b B Phenotype Brown Eyes 75% B B B B b 25% Blue Eyes Genotype 25% Homozygous Dominant b b b B b 50% Hetrozygous 25% Homozygous Recessive

Label the Parts of a Flower

Describe the adaptations that have allowed birds to survive in different environments. Beaks Feathers Feet

circulatory Respiratory Digestive Excretory Muscular Nervous Endocrine Body System Function Transports materials to and from the body cells Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide gases Breaks down food and absorbs digestive materials Removes wastes from blood Enables the body to move: keeps the heart beating Sends messages through out the body Controls many body process by means of chemicals Produces offspring Supports and protects the body: makes blood cells Fights disease and infection in the body Protects and covers internal structures from the outside environment circulatory Respiratory Digestive Excretory Muscular Nervous Endocrine Reproductive Skeletal Immune Integrumentary

Label the type of joints seen in the pictures below. Gliding Joint Pivot Joint Ball and Socket Hindge Joint

Word Bank: marrow, muscles, phosphorus, support, calcium, internal Gives Shape and _________ to your body. Protects your ________ organs _________ are attached to bones to help them move. Blood cells are formed in the bone __________. ___________ and _________ are stored in the bones. internal muscles marrow calcium Phosophorus

Name the organs through which a piece of food would pass if you ate it. Mouth to esophagus to stomach to small intestine to large intestine to rectum to anus to toilet

How is food prevented from going down the windpipe? Epiglottis the epiglottis folds down to a more horizontal position, with its superior side functioning as part of the pharynx. In this manner it prevents food from going into the trachea and instead directs it to the esophagus, which is posterior.

What causes food to move down the esophagus? Peristalsis Muscles

What are the two functions of the hydrochloric acid in your stomach? Chemical Digestion: breaking down food and breaking down protein molecules Kills harmful bacteria in the stomach

What are the two types of digestion What are the two types of digestion? Describe the difference between the two. Mechanical Digestion =physical change Chemical Digestion =chemical change Mechanical breaks the food into smaller pieces with changing it’s chemical make up. Chemical breaks the food down into a new substance.

What are internal stimuli? Give an example. An internal stimulus is something from within that gets you do 'do' something. An example of this would be "you feel a hunger pain, so you go get some food".

What are external stimuli? Give an example. An external stimulus is something from outside (the environment) that gets you to 'do' something. And example of this would be "you see a commercial about food, so you go get some food".

Birds on the Galapagos Islands Give 2 examples of animals that changed through the process of natural selection and how these have helped them to survive. Birds on the Galapagos Islands Different beaks depending on food available Tortoise on the Galapagos Islands Neck and leg length depending on food available

Use the formula to calculate the work performed in the pictures below Use the formula to calculate the work performed in the pictures below. Be sure to show your work. w= 175 x 500 F = 175 Work = 87,500J D = 500m F = 700 W = 700 x 6 Work = 4200J D = 6m

Use the formula to calculate the work performed in the pictures below Use the formula to calculate the work performed in the pictures below. Be sure to show your work. F = 70n W= 70n x 7m Work = 490J D = 7m F = 6.000N W = 6.000N x 20M Work = 120J D = 20m

Gravity keeps us from floating away Water What are some characteristics of our solar system which allow life to exist? Distance from the Sun Orbit around the Sun Oxygen on Earth Gravity keeps us from floating away Water

Describe how the space shuttle was able to travel out of our atmosphere to orbit around the Earth. Energy Food Water Oxygen Electricity

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