BTE 1013 ENGINEERING SCIENCE

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Presentation transcript:

BTE 1013 ENGINEERING SCIENCE HEAT & TEMPERATURE MOHD FAIRUS JAMID fairus@icam.edu.my

Heat The transfer of energy that occurs between two systems when there is a temperature difference between them. SI unit is joule (J), symbol is Q Heat generated from the nuclear fusion in the sun and transported to earth as electromagnetic radiation, is one of the driving forces of life on earth

Heat

Heat Transfer

Heat Transfer Three primary ways of transferring heat: conduction, convection and radiation. Conduction – the physical contact of a cooler object with a hotter object. Convection – heat transfer using a hot gas or liquid flowing around a cooler object. Radiation – heat transfer by radiant heat from a hot object through space.

Temperature scales Expressed on the Celsius scale or the Kelvin scale. Melting point of ice 0°C Boiling point of water 100°C Kelvin scale: Melting point of ice 273.15°K Boiling point of water 373.15°K Denote by the symbol T

Heat capacity Heat capacity C of a body is the quantity of heat required to raise its temperature by 1K. SI unit J/K Heat Q required to change the temperature by ΔT K is: Q=C ΔT

Specific Heat capacity Specific heat capacity c is the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a body by 1K J/(kgK) Heat Q required to change the temperature of m kg of a body by ΔT K is: Q=mc ΔT

Specific Heat capacity Typical values of specific heat capacities is; Water 4200 Aluminum 950 Iron 500 Copper 390

Specific Heat capacity Example: How much heat will an iron casting of mass 10kg have to lose to drop in temperature from 200°C to 20°C? The specific heat capacity of the iron is 480 . Solution Q=mc ΔT =10x480x(200-20)=8.64x J

Specific Heat capacity Example: What will be the rise in temperature of 0.5kg of water in a container of capacity 50J/K when 5 kJ of heat is transferred to the system? The specific latent heat of water is 4200 Solution Q=mc ΔT 5000 = 0.5 x 4200 x ΔT + 50 x ΔT ΔT = 2.3K

Basic structure of solids, liquids and gases The hotter they are, the faster they move. This can explain freezing/melting, boiling/condensing and lots more. It is called the Kinetic Theory of Matter. Kinetic is something to do with movement. Solid Liquid Gases Heater

Basic structure of solids, liquids and gases

Basic structure of solids, liquids and gases

Basic structure of solids, liquids and gases

Basic structure of solids, liquids and gases

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