Jan. 31, 2019 You need: Clean paper / Pencil Body Org. Foldable Warm Up: (on your WARM UP sheet) What are the levels of organization in the body? (list) I CAN: identify the parts and function of the excretory system.

Audrey.Garris@dpsnc.net Contact Ms.Garris Phone = (919)-560-3916 ext. 16331 Written note…but bring it to me before/after class!! Email = Audrey.Garris@dpsnc.net Audrey.Garris@dpsnc.net

Be the positive. It takes many “put-ups” to cancel a “put-down.”

Check your desk. Please be INTENTIONAL! Place, don’t toss/throw. Think about noise.

MRS NERG-C M - Movement R – Respirations S – Sensitivity (responds to stimulus) N – Nutrition / nutrients E - Excretion R – Reproduces G - Growth C - Cells

Body Organization Organism Organ System Organ Tissue Cell

What are all living things made of? All living things are made of CELLS! (You have billions of cells inside you.) Cells have specialized jobs, and are organized in your body. For example, these red blood cells carry oxygen around your body in your blood.

Cells are organized into TISSUES! A TISSUE is a group of similar cells that all do the same thing (they have the same function). Examples: Muscle Tissue (Muscles) Nervous Tissue (Nerves) Connective Tissue (Bones) TISSUES CELLS

Tissues are organized into ORGANS! An ORGAN is a structure made of different tissues. The organ does a specific, complex job. Examples: Heart Stomach Brain Lungs ORGANS TISSUES CELLS

Organs are organized into ORGAN SYSTEMS! An ORGAN SYSTEM is a group of organs that work together to perform a major job. Examples: Circulatory System Digestive System Skeletal System ORGAN SYSTEM ORGANS TISSUES CELLS

Organ Systems are organized into ORGANISMS! ORGANISM (BODY) An ORGANISM is a living thing, with organ systems that work together to keep a body alive. Examples: Human Beings ORGAN SYSTEM ORGANS TISSUES CELLS

What is HOMEOSTASIS? HOMEOSTASIS is how your body maintains an INTERNAL BALANCE. It keeps your body STABLE in spite of changes OUTSIDE YOUR BODY. Example: Your body keeps CONSTANT TEMPERATURE no matter what the outside temperature.

The Digestive System

The Digestive System (Flip to the back of your notes) The digestive system has 3 main functions: It breaks down food into particles that the body can use. It absorbs nutrients into the blood. It eliminates waste from the body. Mouth Esophagus

The Digestive System Digestion can happen in two ways: Mechanical digestion: foods are physically broken down into smaller parts (like by teeth). Chemical digestion: Chemicals called ENZYMES break foods into their smaller “building blocks” (for example, starch gets broken down into sugar). Mouth Esophagus

Categories of NUTRIENTS Water Minerals Vitamins Fat Carbohydrates Proteins

The Digestive System (Now go to the “front” of your notes) MOUTH: your teeth break down food into smaller pieces (mechanical digestion). Saliva has enzymes that start chemical digestion. ESOPHAGUS: smooth muscles push food down to the stomach (peristalsis). Mouth Esophagus

The Digestive System Most digestion (break down) happens in the Stomach: Mechanical digestion occurs when the stomach muscles churn the food. Chemical digestion happens when stomach acid breaks down food. Mouth Esophagus Stomach

The Digestive System Liver, gallbladder and pancreas: produces & stores chemicals (enzymes) that help digest food in the small intestine. Mouth Esophagus Stomach Liver Pancreas Gallbladder

The Digestive System Small intestine: completes chemical digestion and absorbs nutrients for the body. The nutrients pass through the villi into blood vessels. Large intestine: water is reabsorbed by the body. Rectum: compresses waste into a solid form. Stomach Esophagus Mouth Liver Gallbladder Pancreas Small intestine Large intestine Rectum

Mouth Esophagus Stomach Liver Rectum Pancreas Small intestine Gallbladder Pancreas Small intestine Large intestine Rectum

Paper guts Color Cut out Assemble Paste

BrainPop! Log onto the computer. Go to BrainPop (www.brainpop.com) Log into BrainPop Username: carrington1 Password: cougars On BrainPop – Find Body Systems Watch the movie clip, try the quiz. Find the specific body system called the DIGESTIVE system. Watch the movie clip, try the quiz. You may try multiple times. Choose your final quiz answers ON THE PAPER VERSION! Search Body Systems and scroll down to the games. Play “Build-A-Body: Digestive System”

The Digestive System Mouth Esophagus Stomach Liver Rectum Pancreas Gallbladder Small intestine Large intestine Rectum Pancreas

Excretory System Fluid’s

Main Function: The system of the body that collects waste produced by cells and removes the wastes from the body. (also known as: excretion)

Wastes Eliminated: It specifically removes Urea – chemicals that come from the break down of proteins Excess water Other wastes

Structures of the excretory system Kidneys – (2) filter blood Ureters – 2 narrow tubes that leading from the kidneys to the bladder Urinary Bladder-fist sized pouch (muscular sac) that holds about 2 cups of urine Urethra – exit tube

The Kidneys and their Nephrons The kidneys are made of millions of nephrons, tiny filter factories. First, the wastes and the needed materials, like glucose and water, are filtered out of blood Second, the needed materials are returned to the blood and wastes are eliminated.

Not on Notes – but read and discuss What happens in a nephron? Not on Notes – but read and discuss 1. Blood flows from an artery into a nephron in the kidney. 2. Blood reaches a cluster of capillaries. There – urea, water, glucose, and other materials are filtered out of the blood. These materials pass into a capsule that surrounds the capillaries. 3. The materials that were removed pass into a long, twisting tube that is surrounded by capillaries. 4. As the filtered material flows through the tube, most of the water and glucose are re-absorbed into the blood. Most of the urea stays in the tube. 5. After the reabsorbing process is complete, the liquid that remains in the tube is called urine.

What happens in a nephron? Not on Notes – but read and discuss Blood flows from an ___________ into a nephron in the _______________. Blood reaches a cluster of ____________ where ____________, ___________, __________, and _____________ are filtered out of the blood. The materials that were removed pass into a long, twisting tube that is surrounded by ____________________. artery kidney capillaries urea water glucose other materials capillaries

What happens in a nephron? Not on Notes – but read and discuss 4. As the filtered material flows through the tube, most of the ________________ and the ______________ are re-absorbed into the blood. Most of the _______________ stays in the tube. 5. After the _________________________ process is complete, the liquid that remains in the tube is called __________________. water glucose urea re-absorbing urine

Not on Notes – but read and discuss Nephrons Not on Notes – but read and discuss Capillaries Capillaries Urea Urea, water, glucose, and other materials… water, glucose Kidney

After the reabsorbing process is complete, the liquid that remains in the tube is called… URINE.

What happens in the Nephrons? Just to review… Materials and wastes go through the tubes Protein, glucose, most water, and some other materials return to the blood Wastes and small amounts of water stay and are excreted

Analyzing signs of disease… Doctors will dip a strip of paper into urine to test for the presence of glucose and protein. The presence of Glucose = diabetes The presence of Protein = kidneys not functioning correctly

Homeostasis with Excretion Excretion maintains homeostasis by keeping the body’s internal environment stable and free of harmful levels of chemicals. Kidneys Lungs and Skin Liver

Homeostasis Kidneys Regulate amount of water in your body Hot day – you will sweat a lot, but you don’t drink a lot so you excrete small amounts of urine

Homeostasis Lungs and Skin Exhale carbon dioxide and water vapor Sweat water and urea Liver Breaks down wastes before excreting them

Word Bank Kidney Bladder Nephron Blood vessel/blood Ureters Urethra

Are there any questions?