Unit 7 Review

A. Preparing for Nuclear Warfare “Duck and Cover” drills: students would duck under their desks and cover their heads. Government produced video to teach this method in schools. Families built bomb shelters called “fallout shelters” stocked them with food and supplies in case a nuclear bomb was dropped. Federal-Aid Highway Act (1956) – President Eisenhower created the U.S. “interstate system” of roads. Created so the military could get to different parts of the country quickly if the U.S. was invaded. Not ever used for this, but mostly for everyday transportation purposes like today.

What event is this? How do you know? What do you think it means?

C. End of the Vietnam War Sign Paris Peace Accords (1972), but N. Vietnam goes back on their word. Fall of Saigon: N. Vietnam invades, takes over S. Vietnam; U.S. soldiers flee.

II. Détente

B. Relations with China Détente – easing of tensions between countries Policy created by Richard Nixon with China – wanted to create a better relationship with them to create peace. First step: American table tennis (ping pong) team was invited to China for a competition. First contact with China in over 20 years since it became communist. Nixon visited China in 1972 and met with Chairman Mao – U.S. recognized China as a country in 1979.

C. Relations with the Soviet Union Nixon met with USSR shortly after visiting China for peace negotiations. Came up with SALT I (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty). Two sides agreed to trade more and to reduce their number of nuclear weapons. President Jimmy Carter also believed in détente: agreed to SALT II Agreement to limit weapons further and for USSR to treat its people better.

D. Impact of Détente Total policy change – trying to create peace instead of making threats or trying to “contain” communism. Foreign policy tracker: 1st – 2nd – 3rd – 4th -

Guided Practice Create a chart that shows major foreign policy events that happened during each foreign policy approaches. Your chart can look like this: Containment/Truman Doctrine Détente Reagan “Evil Empire” Reagan Version of Détente

Exit Ticket 1) Why did many in the U.S. build fallout shelters in the years following WWII? a. Economic times were good and they wanted to add space to their suburban homes. b. They feared the threat of a nuclear war with the Soviet Union. c. They were alarmed to learn that the Soviets had put missiles in Cuba. d. They wanted to be prepared in case Communists ever launched an invasion of the United States.

Exit Ticket 2) Which of the following would be an example of détente? a. Nixon officially recognizing the Communist regime of China. b. Nixon expanding the war in Vietnam to Laos and Cambodia. c. Carter condemning the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. d. The foreign policy of Ronald Reagan.

Exit Ticket 3) Why did events of the Vietnam War have the ability to influence U.S. public opinion as no other war had done before? a. U.S. citizens knew nothing about the enemy. b. This was the first war viewed extensively on television. c. The president did not have a clear policy. d. Reports from overseas said the United States was losing the war.

Exit Ticket 4) Which of the following represents a change in policy from Nixon’s détente? a. Reagan signing the INF treaty. b. Ford’s continuing negotiations with Soviet leader Brezhnev. c. Reagan referring to the Soviet Union as an “evil empire”. d. Carter initiating the Camp David talks.

Group Work: Essential Questions Come together in groups to answer an essential question. Once everyone is finished, you will present your answer to the group.

Essential Questions How did the events of WWII help cause the Cold War and influence American foreign policy throughout most of the 20th century? How did the Cold War affect political and social life in America? What impact did the Vietnam War have on the United States? How did technological innovations alter the lives of individuals during the Cold War? Why did the Soviet Union collapse? How has U.S. foreign policy changed since then? Explain the type of involvement the U.S. has had in the Middle East. Why do some say this involvement led to 9/11?