Clonality among ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates in Sweden and relationship with ciprofloxacin resistance E. Torell, J. Kühn, B. Olsson-Liljeauist,

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Clonality among ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates in Sweden and relationship with ciprofloxacin resistance E. Torell, J. Kühn, B. Olsson-Liljeauist, S. Hæggman, B.-M. Hoffman, C. Lindahl, L.G. Burman Clinical Microbiology and Infection Volume 9, Issue 10, Pages 1011-1019 (October 2003) DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-0691.2003.00701.x Copyright © 2003 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Dendrograms derived from upgma clustering of PhP typing data for (a) fecal ARE isolates (collection 1, n = 180) and (b) 169 ASE isolates (collection 3, n = 169) obtained from a nationwide prevalence study in Sweden in 1998 [6]. The arrows indicate the positions of the PhP type FMSE1 among ARE and ASE isolates. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2003 9, 1011-1019DOI: (10.1046/j.1469-0691.2003.00701.x) Copyright © 2003 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Dendrograms and PFGE patterns of SmaI-digested genomic DNA from E. faecium isolates collected in 1998 from patients in 22 hospitals and cities in Sweden. Above: 22 ARE isolates. Below: 22 ASE isolates matched for ward and time of isolation to the above 22 ARE isolates. Three ARE isolates from 1990 to 1992 (JO10, LI135 and HA1, in bold) are included in the upper dendrogram. S. aureus NCTC 8325 was used as standard in the computer analyses. Percentage similarity is based on UPGMA clustering of Dice coefficients using the Molecular Analyst Fingerprinting software. PFGE type A comprises band patterns giving Dice coefficients <80% (≤6 band differences) when compared pairwise with the pattern of ARE0784 (representing the dominating PhP type FMSE1; see MM). Ciprofloxacin MICs are in mg/L. DNA sequencing results are added when available (mutated codons in bold). Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2003 9, 1011-1019DOI: (10.1046/j.1469-0691.2003.00701.x) Copyright © 2003 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Distribution of ampicillin (a) and ciprofloxacin (b) MIC values (mg/L) of fecal ARE isolates (n = 180, black bars) and ASE isolates (n = 169, gray bars) E. faecium isolates were obtained during a nationwide point prevalence study of carriage rates of ARE and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium among hospitalized patients in Sweden. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2003 9, 1011-1019DOI: (10.1046/j.1469-0691.2003.00701.x) Copyright © 2003 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions