17 Blood

1. Which of the following comprise a logical sequence of vessels as blood exits the heart? a. capillaries; arteries; veins b. veins; capillaries; arteries c. arteries; capillaries; veins d. arteries; veins; capillaries Answer: c. arteries; capillaries; veins

2. Of the listed blood components, which comprises the immune function? a. plasma b. buffy coat c. erythrocytes d. hematocrit Answer: b. buffy coat

3. Each hemoglobin, the oxygen transport protein, can transport ________ oxygen atoms. d. 4000 Answer: a. 4

4. Oxygen binds to the _______ portion of hemoglobin. a. globin b. oxyhemoglobin c. iron atom d. amino acid Answer: c. iron atom

5. Iron levels in a patient’s blood are lowered 5. Iron levels in a patient’s blood are lowered. This patient would experience which of the following symptoms? a. an elevated red blood cell count b. an increase in energy level c. an increase in fatigue level d. a decreased white blood cell count Answer: c. an increase in fatigue level

6. A hematopoietic stem cell will give rise to __________. a. erythrocytes b. leukocytes c. platelets d. all of the above Answer: d. all of the above

7. Predict the outcome of an overdose of the hormone, erythropoietin. a. the blood viscosity increases to levels that may induce heart attacks or strokes b. oxygen-carrying capacity remains unchanged despite elevated red blood cell counts c. red blood cell counts remain unchanged, but the number of reticulocytes increase d. blood viscosity levels decrease while oxygen-carrying capacity increases Answer: a. the blood viscosity increases to levels that may induce heart attacks or strokes

8. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the mechanism controlling movement of white blood cells into damaged areas? a. white blood cells exit the capillary and move through the tissue spaces with cytoplasmic extensions by following a trail of chemicals produced by other white blood cells b. blood capillaries break open, flooding the damaged area with white blood cells c. the damaged cells synthesize their own white blood cells d. none of the statements are true Answer: a. white blood cells exit the capillary and move through the tissue spaces with cytoplasmic extensions by following a trail of chemicals produced by other white blood cells

9. An elevated neutrophil count would be indicative of ________. a. a viral infection b. a common cold c. an acute bacterial infection d. a parasitic infection Answer: c. an acute bacterial infection

10. Antihistamines counter the actions of which white blood cells? a. neutrophil b. lymphocyte c. basophil d. eosinophil Answer: c. basophil

11. Leukemia is a general descriptor for what type of disorder? a. an abnormally low white blood count b. overproduction of abnormal leukocytes c. elevated counts of normal neutrophils d. overproduction of abnormal erythrocytes Answer: b. overproduction of abnormal leukocytes

12. __________ is the progenitor of platelets a. Thrombopoietin b. Thrombocyte c. Megakaryocyte d. Thrombocytoblast Answer: c. Megakaryocyte

13. A patient might be prescribed daily aspirin medication if a. they are at risk for embolism. b. they have an abnormally high hematocrit. c. they are a hemophiliac. d. they have a deficiency in a clotting factor. Answer: a. they are at risk for embolism (clots that spontaneously form and wedge in blood vessels).