Fusion vs Fission.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 25 Nuclear Chemistry 25.3 Fission and Fusion
Advertisements

Transmutation (Objective 25
Radiation, nuclear fusion and nuclear fission
Unit 2 – The Atom Nuclear Chemistry Fusion and Fission.
General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.1 Chapter 4 Nuclear Chemistry 4.6 Nuclear Fission and Fusion.
Unit 8 Section 2: Nuclear Reactions
Nuclear Chemistry. Radioactivity The result of an unstable nucleus Three main types –Alpha –Beta –Gamma.
Nuclear Chemistry. Radioactive Decay Spontaneous breakdown of an atom’s nucleus Breakdown results in a lighter nucleus Emits electromagnetic radiation.
Nuclear Fission Nuclear Fission is when a large nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei, releasing neutrons and energy –Heavier nuclei tend to be more.
Nuclear Reactions Powering the Sun since 4.6 Billion B.C.
 It can be used in 2 forms  The first form is in the physics: where we can use this formula to find out the nuclear energy: N= Δm.c²  And the second.
For each atom, in its natural state, the number of electrons and the number of protons is equal. This number may or may not be the same as the number.
Nuclear Power. Locations of Nuclear Power plants in the US.
Nuclear Chemistry Part II “The discovery of nuclear reactions need not bring about the destruction of mankind any more than the discovery of matches” -Albert.
Basic Chemistry Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 1 Chapter 16 Nuclear Radiation 16.6 Nuclear Fission and Fusion.
Radioactivity Nuclear Fission and Fusion. Definition: breaking an unstable nucleus into two smaller nuclei Basic formula Element+ Neutron → + 3 neutronsSmaller.
In your own words try to explain a radio active decay series
Nuclear Reactions Fission and Fusion. FISSION The splitting of an atomic nucleus into 2 smaller particles. Animation.
Energy Nuclear Fusion, Nuclear Fission, Combustion and Solar Radiation.
Nuclear Fusion and Fission
Fission and Fusion They could be described as “Big Bang” and “Bigger Bang”.
Fission vs. Fusion.
Fission and Fusion. Nuclear Reactions Two types of nuclear reactions that release energy.  Fission  Fusion.
Nuclear Chemistry. Chemical Reactivity “Normal” Chemical Behavior Example: 2H 2 + O 2  2H 2 O “Atoms that go in must come out.” Nuclei of atoms remain.
1) How is the mass number calculated (2).
AN INTRODUCTION TO FISSION & FUSION
Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear Reactions involve an atom’s nucleus !!!!
Nuclear Energy.
LT3: Nuclear Fission, Fusion, Power, & Weapons
Fission and Fusion of Atomic Nuclei
Fusion and Fission.
Nuclear power plants can generate large amounts of electricity.
Nuclear Radiation.
Chapter 9 Nuclear Radiation
Chapter 5 Energy Resources
Chapter 4: Atomic Energy
Chapter 4: Atomic Energy
7.3 Nuclear Reactions: Nuclear reactions are different than chemical reactions Chemical Reactions Mass is conserved (doesn’t change) Small energy changes.
MEASURING RADIATION Large doses of radiation are harmful to living tissue. Radiation can be measured with a Geiger counter – a device that measures radioactivity.
Fission 7.3.
Nuclear power plants can generate _____________________________.
Sec. 7.3 Nuclear Reactions:
Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 28.
alpha beta gamma electron energy electron energy electron positive
Nuclear Energy Fission vs Fusion.
Nuclear power plants can generate large amounts of electricity.
Fission Vs. Fusion.
NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY Unit 1 Notes.
Nuclear Reactions.
FISSION and FUSION Fission Vs. Fusion
AKA Radioactive DECAY or NUCLEAR DECAY
NUCLEAR REACTIONS.
AKA Radioactive DECAY or NUCLEAR DECAY
Nuclear Reactions.
Chemistry 2 Honors Northwestern High School J. Venables
7.3 Nuclear Reactions: Nuclear reactions are different than chemical reactions Chemical Reactions Mass is conserved (doesn’t change) Small energy changes.
7.3 Nuclear rxns.
Nuclear Reactions.
Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 21.
Nuclear Energy.
Chapter 7.3 – Nuclear Reactions
Science 10 Unit 2 CHEMISTRY: NUCLEAR REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS
NUCLEAR FISSION AND FUSION
Fusion and Fission Reactions
11.3 Nuclear Energy Key Concepts:
Nuclear Energy.
Fission and Fusion.
Sec. 3.2 Nuclear Reactions:
Nuclear Energy Nuclear Structure and Radioactivity.
Presentation transcript:

Fusion vs Fission

Fission/Fusion Better Lesson credit R.Meisner w/add-ins RMohler nuclear fusion vs nuclear fission How can you explain these terms?

Nuclear Reactions - Reactions involving changes in the nucleus of atoms - Nuclear reactions release MUCH MORE energy then chemical reactions (which deal with electrons only)

E=mc2 Einstein’s famous equation relates mass and energy. Energy and mass are interchangeable. E=Energy, m=mass, c=speed of light (3x108m/s) When a high-energy gamma ray is given off, the mass of the nucleus drops a measurable value. Similarly, we can calculate how much energy will be given off in particular nuclear reactions. We use the formula ΔE= Δmc2 to build new, artificial elements in supercolliders (particle accelerators.)

Two major types of nuclear reactions: Fission Fusion

Nuclear Fission Nuclear fission = splitting of large, unstable atoms Releases large amounts of energy Uncontrolled, nuclear fission proceeds to completion with great speed.

Nuclear Fission Used in nuclear weapons and power plants (U-235) In a nuclear weapon, two half-spheres of fissionable material are compressed together with conventional explosives, creating the critical mass. In order to harness nuclear fission to create useable electricity, the process is slowed down with control rods…

Fission Reactor Power Plants (do not need to copy this In each reactor, heat is generated when high-energy neutrons slow down in collisions with the moderator. Pressurized Steam Reactor:Steam is produced and drives turbines, creating electricity. Reactor fuel must be fissionable, usually weapons-grade uranium or plutonium. Moderators become highly radioactivity (dirty).

Nuclear Fusion Nuclear Fusion: Joining of smaller nuclei to form larger nuclei. Releases far more energy than nuclear fission (3-4 xs more).

Nuclear Fusion The sun’s (stars) energy comes from the fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium atoms. The hydrogen bomb is a fusion weapon. Extensive research is being carried out to find ways of creating and harnessing nuclear fusion for industrial power production. Unlike fission, fusion reactions can be easily controlled, by controlling the fuel flow.

Modeling Fusion reactions (like what happens in the sun). marshmallow= hydrogen nucleus (1 proton) pipe cleaner/spaghetti = gamma ray What element does one marshmallow represent? Take two marshmallows and fuse together using the energy of your hands (like the sun with high temperature and pressure). What element have you produced?

What’s happening… At the same time that you fuse the atoms together they release energy as a gamma ray. Take a piece of pipe-cleaner/spaghetti and put on your table. This is energy of the gamma ray. Make two more helium atoms (with four more marshmallows, making sure to release gamma rays) Now smash together your three helium nuclei. In what is called the “triple-alpha process”. What is this called (fission or fusion)? What new element did you produce? Eat your final atom