Beneficial effect of antidepressants against rotenone induced Parkinsonism like symptoms in rats  Nidhika Sharma, Sumit Jamwal, Puneet Kumar  Pathophysiology  Volume 23, Issue 2, Pages 123-134 (June 2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002 Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Treatment schedule. Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline on body weight in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D. @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.001 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.001 vs sertraline (10). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline on locomotor activity in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D. @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.001 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.001 vs sertraline (10). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline on motor coordination (rotarod activity) in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D. @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.001 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.05 vs sertraline (10), Δp<0.05 vs sertraline (20). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline on grip strength activity in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D. @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.01 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.01 vs sertraline (10), Δp<0.05 vs sertraline (20). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline in time to cross narrow beam on narrow beam walking in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D. @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.05 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.05 vs sertraline (10), Δp<0.05 vs sertraline (20). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline in no. of foot slips on narrow beam walking in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D, @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.01 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.01 vs sertraline (10). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 8 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline on neuroinflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in striatum in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D. @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.001 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.01 vs sertraline (10), Δp<0.05 vs sertraline (20). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 9 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline on neurotransmitter (Dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine) levels in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D. @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.001 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.001 vs sertraline (10), Δp<0.05 vs sertraline (20). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 10 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline on HVA, DOPAC, 5-HIAA levels and DA turnover in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D. @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.001 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.01 vs sertraline (10), Δp<0.05 vs sertraline (20). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 11 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline on GABA and Glutamate levels in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D. @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.001 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.01 vs sertraline (10), Δp<0.05 vs sertraline (20). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 12 Effect of venlafaxine and sertraline on mitochondrial complex I in rotenone treated rats. Data is expressed as Mean±S.D. @p<0.001 vs control, #p<0.001 vs rotenone, &p<0.001 vs venlafaxine (10), $p<0.01 vs sertraline (10), Δp<0.05 vs sertraline (20). Con—Control, Rot—Rotenone, Ven—Venlafaxine, Ser—Sertraline, CL—levodopa (combination with carbidopa) Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Pathophysiology 2016 23, 123-134DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.03.002) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions