Strategic Guidelines for EU Territorial Cooperation Programmes Post-2020 Introductory notes. Malta: 26 April Eduardo medeiros 2017

ETC- INTERREG – Present (2014-2020) The overarching objective of European Territorial Cooperation (ETC) is to promote a harmonious economic, social and territorial development of the Union as a whole. Interreg is built around three strands of cooperation: cross-border (Interreg A), transnational (Interreg B) and interregional (Interreg C): 60 Cross-Border – Interreg V-A / 12 IPA Cross-border / 16 ENI Cross-border 15 Transnational – Interreg V-B The interregional co-operation programme, INTERREG Europe, and 3 networking programmes (Urbact III, Interact III and ESPON) Source: http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/en/policy/cooperation/european-territorial/

TERRITORIAL COHESION Source: author

TERRITORIAL COOPERATION Territorial cooperation, as the name indicates, can be defined as a process of collaboration between different territories Source: Medeiros, 2016

What is Cross-Border Cooperation? Not just another regional development programme but has special features and objectives: Specific on reducing the barrier effect along the borderline in all its dimensions: (institutional-urban; economic-technological; social-cultural; environmental-heritage; accessibilities); Fundamental in enhancing the border region territorial capital: institutional building; territorial articulation; socioeconomic cohesion; environmental sustainability.

GUIDELINES – CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION - POST-2020 Reduce/Mitigate border barriers (or obstacles) in all dimensions Focus on cross-border development potentials Engage on cross-border planning ‘Impact Oriented Projects’ Evaluation: TIA – Territorial Impact Assessment

BORDER BARRIERS

Relevance and frequency of obstacles for EU citizens - 2015 (%) BORDER OBSTACLES Relevance and frequency of obstacles for EU citizens - 2015 (%) Cultural Differences Source: (Eurobarometer - Author Calculations)

BORDER OBSTACLES

Why is it relevant and necessary? Cross Border Planning A systematic preparation and implementation of a spatial-oriented policy or plan, in a border region, with a view to anticipate spatial changes, and in order to have direct or indirect positive effects on spatial activities, with the ultimate goal of reducing the barrier effect and enhancing territorial capital’. Why is it relevant and necessary? 1 - Time: It allows for a more strategic longer-term planning; 2 - Solidified Institutional Networking: between national, regional, local.. 3 - Improved articulation with existing territorial development plans 4 - Extending sources of financing: national and regional sources; 5 - Reinforcing the principle of subsidiarity: cross-border programmes work best if planned and managed at the regional level, rather than at the national level.

Cross Border Planning

- Keep INTERREG-A on border areas – Border NUTS III KEEP IN MIND – CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION - POST-2020 - Keep INTERREG-A on border areas – Border NUTS III - Produce border statistics - Tailor Made (Place Based) - Emphasis on CB Mobility - Support CBC entities - Prevent Programme Overlapping

CROSS-BORDER MATURITY

CROSS-BORDER MOBILITY - PERCEPTION Figure 4 - Accessibility barriers intensity based in the EU CBC programmes - 2015 Respondents (%) < 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 > 40 Source: Eurobarometer survey on border obstacles

CROSS-BORDER MOBILITY - PERCEPTION Cross-Border Accessibility as a Border Obstacle – EU Survey 0 400 km Source: Medeiros, 2016

CROSS-BORDER MOBILITY – PUBLIC TRANSPORTS Source: Medeiros, 2016

CROSS-BORDER MOBILITY – COMMUTING Medeiros Cartography

CROSS-BORDER STRUCTURES

CROSS-BORDER STRUCTURES

Tackle transnational vulnerabilities GUIDELINES – TRANSNATIONAL - POST-2020 Tackle transnational vulnerabilities Focus on transnational development potentials Engage on transnational planning (macro-regions) ‘Impact Oriented Projects’ Evaluation: TIA – Territorial Impact Assessment

- Select Transnational Programmes based on needs and potentials KEEP IN MIND – TRANSNATIONAL COOPERATION - POST-2020 - Select Transnational Programmes based on needs and potentials - Engage on large impact transnational projects (energy, transports, green economy) - Focus on Territorial Cohesion - Emphasis on Polycentrism - Prevent Programme Overlapping

SOCIOECONOMIC COHESION ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY CONTRIBUTIONS FROM TRANSNATIONAL PROGRAMMES TO TERRITORIAL COHESION SOCIOECONOMIC COHESION Job Creation Human Capital Innovation Culture Infrastructures POLYCENTRISM Connectivity Polycentricity Compactivity Hierarchy GOVERNANCE Multilevel Governance Participation Place-Based approach Transnational institutional building Administrative Capacity TERRITORIAL COHESION ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY Clean Energy Nature Protection Green Economy Climate Change Natural Resources

PROGRAMME CRITERIA: Physical Geography 1 – Baltic Sea 2 – North Sea 3 – Atlantic - Mediterranean 4 – East Mediterranean 5 – Alpine 6 – Danube 7 – Atlantic Islands 8 – Non-EU Territory Programmes

Develop and deliver better policy GUIDELINES – INTERREGIONAL - POST-2020 Develop and deliver better policy Focus on Administrative Capacity Focus on the Green Economy ‘Impact Oriented Projects’ Evaluation: TIA – Territorial Impact Assessment

THANKS FOR WATCHING emedeiros@campus.ul.pt