RNA and Protein Synthesis

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RNA & Protein Synthesis

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RNA and Protein Synthesis

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RNA and Protein Synthesis

Put this presentation into present mode so you can view the videos and animations.

Essential Question What is RNA and what is the purpose of RNA?

Review DNA replication: video (0:00-2:50)

RNA Structure How are RNA & DNA different? - contains the sugar RIBOSE (hence RIBOnucleic acid) - is single stranded not double stranded - contains coded information for making proteins

RNA Structure - is like a disposable copy of DNA, is a working copy of a part of DNA - contains Uracil (U) in place of Thymine (T) - involved in protein synthesis

Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries copies of the instructions for assembling amino acids into proteins…they carry the message

Types of RNA Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) combine with proteins to make up ribosomes (location of protein assembly)

Types of RNA Transfer RNA (tRNA) transfers the amino acids to the ribosome to become part of the proteins

****continue video**** (2:51-4:45) Transcription – process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence of RNA ****continue video**** (2:51-4:45) Adenine (DNA and RNA) Cystosine (DNA and RNA) Guanine(DNA and RNA) Thymine (DNA only) Uracil (RNA only) RNA polymerase DNA RNA

The Genetic Code The “DECODER” -read from inside to outside -used to read RNA three letter “word” is called a codon each codon specifies an amino acid

The Genetic Code EXAMPLE: AGC is the codon for: SERINE

Example: DNA : GAATTAGTCCATACT codons : GAA - - - - TTA GTC CAT ACT - - - - TTA GTC CAT ACT mRNA : CUU - - - - AAU CAG GUA UGA amino acids : Leucine- Asparagine- Glutamine- Valine- Stop

You Try it! DNA : GACAAGTCCACAATC codons : GAC-AAG-TCC-ACA-ATC mRNA : CUG-UUC-AGG-UGU-UAG amino acids : Leucine-Phenylalanine-Arginine-Cysteine-Stop

Translation- decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain; occurs on ribosomes (continue video 4:46-6:56)

DNA vs. RNA - is the master plan - blueprint - sugar is Deoxyribose - sugar is Ribose made of: a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base - double stranded - single stranded - contains A, G, C, T - contains A, G, C, U (nucleotide) - remains in the nucleus - goes to ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Summary Anchor these notes into your folder. Write 2 questions that start with a “HOW” on each page of notes (all questions visible after anchored in). Write a 3 sentence summary that answers the essential question. Bring to Mrs. Caryl for stamps.