Nanotechnology : Man s Symbiosis with nano world Aditya Jamwal

What is Nanotechnology Nanotechnology refers to a field of applied science and technology whose theme is the control of matter on the atomic and molecular scale, generally 100 nanometers or smaller, and the fabrication of devices that lie within that size range. Nanotechnology refers to a field of applied science and technology whose theme is the control of matter on the atomic and molecular scale, generally 100 nanometers or smaller, and the fabrication of devices that lie within that size range.applied scienceatomicmolecularnanometersapplied scienceatomicmolecularnanometers Nanotechnology is a highly multidisciplinary field, drawing from fields such as applied physics, materials science, interface and colloid science, device physics, supramolecular chemistry (which refers to the area of chemistry that focuses on the noncovalent bonding interactions of molecules), self-replicating machines and robotics, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, biological engineering, and electrical engineering. Nanotechnology is a highly multidisciplinary field, drawing from fields such as applied physics, materials science, interface and colloid science, device physics, supramolecular chemistry (which refers to the area of chemistry that focuses on the noncovalent bonding interactions of molecules), self-replicating machines and robotics, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, biological engineering, and electrical engineering.multidisciplinary applied physicsmaterials scienceinterface and colloid sciencedevice physicssupramolecular chemistryself-replicating machinesroboticschemical engineeringmechanical engineering biological engineeringelectrical engineeringmultidisciplinary applied physicsmaterials scienceinterface and colloid sciencedevice physicssupramolecular chemistryself-replicating machinesroboticschemical engineeringmechanical engineering biological engineeringelectrical engineering Nanotechnology is about building things one atom at a time, about making extraordinary devices with ordinary matter. Nanotechnology is about building things one atom at a time, about making extraordinary devices with ordinary matter.

Nanobots Small high frequency robots, (or nanites) will work at the limits of matter processing cheap, abundant components (molecules). Small high frequency robots, (or nanites) will work at the limits of matter processing cheap, abundant components (molecules). Defined as a Tiny robots engineered on a microscopic or even molecular level. Capable of replicating millions or billions of nanobots, all carrying out their specific tasks at a molecular level, but in total, producing macro effects Defined as a Tiny robots engineered on a microscopic or even molecular level. Capable of replicating millions or billions of nanobots, all carrying out their specific tasks at a molecular level, but in total, producing macro effects

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Current Research Status And Applications Nation Nanotechnology Initiative. Nation Nanotechnology Initiative. MIT Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies. MIT Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies. Center for Nanotechnologies,University of Berkeley. Center for Nanotechnologies,University of Berkeley. National Science foundation. National Science foundation.

Drug-Delivery Techniques Dendrimers carrying different materials on their branches can do several things at one time, such as recognizing diseased cells, diagnosing disease states (including cell death), drug delivery, reporting location, and reporting outcomes of therapy. Dendrimers carrying different materials on their branches can do several things at one time, such as recognizing diseased cells, diagnosing disease states (including cell death), drug delivery, reporting location, and reporting outcomes of therapy.

Nanofilms Different nanoscale materials can be used in thin films to make them Different nanoscale materials can be used in thin films to make them Water-repellent Water-repellent Anti-reflective Anti-reflective Self-cleaning Self-cleaning Ultraviolet or infrared-resistant Ultraviolet or infrared-resistant Antifog Antifog Anti-microbial Anti-microbial Scratch-resistant, or electrically conductive. Scratch-resistant, or electrically conductive. Nanofilms are used now on eyeglasses, computer displays, and cameras to protect or treat the surfaces. Nanofilms are used now on eyeglasses, computer displays, and cameras to protect or treat the surfaces.

Solar Plastics Thin, flexible, lightweight rolls of plastics containing nanoscale materials are being developed that could replace traditional solar energy technologies. Thin, flexible, lightweight rolls of plastics containing nanoscale materials are being developed that could replace traditional solar energy technologies. Nanoscale materials absorb sunlight and, in some cases, indoor light, which is converted into electrical energy Nanoscale materials absorb sunlight and, in some cases, indoor light, which is converted into electrical energy

Nano Transisters In computers, the more transistors, the greater the power. In computers, the more transistors, the greater the power. New transistors made from a single carbon nanotube, with minute size and low-energy requirements. New transistors made from a single carbon nanotube, with minute size and low-energy requirements. Construction capabilities of DNA and the electronic properties of carbon nanotubes to create the self-assembling nano-transistor. Construction capabilities of DNA and the electronic properties of carbon nanotubes to create the self-assembling nano-transistor.

Nano Water-filters Carbon nanotube-based membranes for water desalination. Carbon nanotube-based membranes for water desalination. Nanoscale sensors to identify contaminants in water systems e.g Nanoscale titanium dioxide known to neutralize bacteria. Nanoscale sensors to identify contaminants in water systems e.g Nanoscale titanium dioxide known to neutralize bacteria.

Military Application Todays hefty radio worn on a harness might be reduced to a button-sized tab on the collar. (The Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies (ISN) at MIT ) Todays hefty radio worn on a harness might be reduced to a button-sized tab on the collar. (The Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies (ISN) at MIT ) And a waterproof poncho could be replaced by a permanent nano-thin coating applied to everything the soldier carries. And a waterproof poncho could be replaced by a permanent nano-thin coating applied to everything the soldier carries.

Future Self-assembling consumer goods Self-assembling consumer goods Computers billions of times faster Computers billions of times faster Extremely novel inventions (impossible today) Extremely novel inventions (impossible today) Safe and affordable space travel Safe and affordable space travel Medical Nano... virtual end to illness, aging, death Medical Nano... virtual end to illness, aging, death No more pollution and automatic cleanup of already existing pollution No more pollution and automatic cleanup of already existing pollution Molecular food syntheses... end of famine and starvation Molecular food syntheses... end of famine and starvation Access to a superior education for every child on Earth Access to a superior education for every child on Earth Reintroduction of many extinct plants and animals Reintroduction of many extinct plants and animals Terraforming here and in our Solar System Terraforming here and in our Solar System Wear-resistant tires made by combining nanometer-scale particles of inorganic clays with polymers Wear-resistant tires made by combining nanometer-scale particles of inorganic clays with polymers

Disadvantages Global Monetary Crisis (money is worthless) Global Monetary Crisis (money is worthless) Loss of jobs (manufacturing, farming, etc) Loss of jobs (manufacturing, farming, etc) Oil Becomes worthless Oil Becomes worthless Diamonds become worthless Diamonds become worthless Atomic weapons more accessible and destructive Atomic weapons more accessible and destructive Biological warfare Biological warfare Health hazards Health hazards Nano waste Nano waste

Conclusion Boon to the Human race. Secure and fast future. Must be handled carefully in sight of the major disadvantages.