Science 9 Review for the Rock Cycle

1. Heat and pressure deep within the earth’s surface can change any rock into________. metamorphic

2. The heat that changes a rock into metamorphic rock comes from The heat of the mantle. Friction between plates. The sun. chemicals.

3. Geologists classify metamorphic rock according to ______________. shape color Hardness Arrangement of the grains in the rock

4. The principle of superposition is used to _____________. Determine how rocks change. Determine the relative age of rocks. Determine how rocks are formed. Determine the absolute age of rocks

6. Radioactive isotopes are used to_____. Determine how rocks change. Determine the relative age of rocks. Determine how rocks are formed. Determine the absolute age of rocks

7. _________________ Is the breaking apart or wearing down of rock by wind and water. WEATHERING

8. Weathering that does not alter the chemical composition of rock is called Physical weathering Acid weathering. Chemical weathering. Biological weathering.

9. What is a rock? A group of minerals bound together

10. A sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic rock can become an igneous rock by ___. heating up so high it becomes molten material

11. All of the different types of rock can become any other type of rock True

12. Sediments are substances such as sand, gravel, mud, clay, and fossils that are identified by size of its fragments

13. All igneous rocks originate from magma or lava

14. Why is granite coarse-grained? It is intrusive, so minerals had longer time to grow and cooled slowly.

15. Fossils are most likely found in what type of rock? Sedimentary

16. Coal is classified as an organic sedimentary rock and is formed from ________. dead plants and animals.

17. _______ are inorganic, which means it does not contain materials that were once alive. Minerals

18. Which type of metamorphism is formed from high heat from magma? Contact Metamorphism

19. (Angular/rounded) rock fragment probably traveled the longest in a river.

20. Metamorphic rocks with a layered or banded look are called ___________ foliated

21. Rock without layers is called. nonfoliated

22. A rock type can become sediments from the process of ________ and __________ weathering and erosion

23. Sedimentary rock are the only rock that can potentially contain _____________ FOSSILS

24. Where does most Metamorphic Rock form On the surface below the surface In the sea Deep in the mantle

25. Igneous Rocks that cool quickly have _______ crystals because they cool ___________. Small or Fine , quickly

26. Sediments that are pushed very close together are said to have been ______ COMPACTED

27. Remains of dead plants and animals are called ______________ Organic matter

HEAT AND PRESSURE 28. Metamorphism involves the addition of _________ and ________ to rocks. HEAT AND PRESSURE

Compaction and cementation 29. Sedimentary rock forms by the processes of Compaction and cementation