Transit time flow measurement: experimental validation and comparison of three different systems Guido Beldi, MD, Andreas Bosshard, MD, Otto M Hess,

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Transit time flow measurement: experimental validation and comparison of three different systems Guido Beldi, MD, Andreas Bosshard, MD, Otto M Hess, MD, Ulrich Althaus, MD, Beat H Walpoth, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 70, Issue 1, Pages 212-217 (July 2000) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01246-7

Fig 1 Principle of transit time flow measurement. Arrowsrepresent ultrasound signal pathway. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 70, 212-217DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01246-7)

Fig 2 Correlations between Doppler and true flow measurements. Given are uncorrected (left) and second-order corrected (right) data for the three systems. All show some differences in flow between veins and arteries; these are minor in system 1 and 2 but significant in system 3. After second-order correction, the differences are negligible. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 70, 212-217DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01246-7)

Fig 3 Correlations between Doppler and true flow measurements. The effects of flow media (saline or blood, left). temperature (25° or 37°C, right). All data are corrected for differences in graft material (arteries or veins). Flow media had only a minor effect on Doppler flow measurements (not significant), whereas temperature produced larger deviations, particularly in system 3, although they are not significant. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 70, 212-217DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01246-7)

Fig 4 Bland-Altman analysis of three systems. Plotted are true flow (x-axis) versus the differences in Doppler minus true flow measurements (y-axis). System 3 shows the largest deviations, which diminish after second-order correction. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 70, 212-217DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01246-7)