HIS-24 and HPL associate with promoters of antimicrobial genes. HIS-24 and HPL associate with promoters of antimicrobial genes. (A) Quantitative ChIP using extracts prepared from his-24::gfp transgenic worms before and after B. thuringiensis infection. Primer sets were directed to the maoc-1 and daf-21/hsp90 genes detected in SILAC and microarray analyses (Fig. 1 and Table 1). The thn-5 promoter serves as a negative control. (B) ChIP assay was carried out to assess HPL::GFP in his-24+/+ (HIS-24 present) and his-24−/− (HIS-24 absent) animals at the maoc-1 promoter. All results are quantified by real-time PCR and normalized to binding by control IgG antibody. Error bars indicate standard deviations (n = 2). Studencka M et al. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2012;32:251-265