Effect of Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade on Calcium Channel Blocker-Associated Peripheral Edema Harikrishna Makani, MD, Sripal Bangalore, MD, MHA,

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Effect of Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade on Calcium Channel Blocker-Associated Peripheral Edema Harikrishna Makani, MD, Sripal Bangalore, MD, MHA, Jorge Romero, MD, Omar Wever-Pinzon, MD, Franz H. Messerli, MD The American Journal of Medicine Volume 124, Issue 2, Pages 128-135 (February 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.08.007 Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Selection of studies. ACE=ACE inhibitor; ARB=ARB; CCB=calcium channel blocker; RAS=renin-angiotensin system. The American Journal of Medicine 2011 124, 128-135DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.08.007) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Head-to-head comparison of calcium channel blocker with calcium channel blocker/renin-angiotensin-receptor blocker combination on the incidence of peripheral edema. ACEI = ACE inhibitor; CCB = calcium channel blocker; CI = confidence interval; RAS = renin-angiotensin system. The American Journal of Medicine 2011 124, 128-135DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.08.007) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Pooled incidence of peripheral edema and withdrawal due to edema with calcium channel blocker and calcium channel blocker/renin-angiotensin-receptor blocker combination. *P < .05 comparing calcium channel blocker with calcium channel blocker/renin-angiotensin-receptor combination. CCB = calcium channel blocker; RAS = renin-angiotensin system. The American Journal of Medicine 2011 124, 128-135DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.08.007) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Head-to-head comparison of calcium channel blocker with calcium channel blocker/renin-angiotensin-receptor blocker combination on the withdrawal due to peripheral edema. ACEI = ACE inhibitor; CCB = calcium channel blocker; CI = confidence interval; RAS = renin-angiotensin system. The American Journal of Medicine 2011 124, 128-135DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.08.007) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions