Analysis of ADAMTS4 and MT4-MMP indicates that both are involved in aggrecanolysis in interleukin-1-treated bovine cartilage P. Patwari, G. Gao, J.H.

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Analysis of ADAMTS4 and MT4-MMP indicates that both are involved in aggrecanolysis in interleukin-1-treated bovine cartilage P. Patwari, G. Gao, J.H. Lee, A.J. Grodzinsky, J.D. Sandy Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Volume 13, Issue 4, Pages 269-277 (April 2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2004.10.023 Copyright © 2005 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Kinetics of aggrecanolysis by IL-1 treatment in 0.5-mm-thick newborn bovine articular cartilage explants. Cartilage cultures treated with 10ng/ml were terminated at various times during a 6-day experiment. (A) Aggrecan remaining in the tissue was extracted and Western analysis performed with an antibody to aggrecan G1 domain (G1-2). (B) Western analysis of aggrecan fragments released to the corresponding conditioned medium was performed with an antibody to aggrecan G3 domain (LEC-7). Portions of tissue and medium were loaded on an equal-GAG basis. See Fig. 2 for peptide identifications. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2005 13, 269-277DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2004.10.023) Copyright © 2005 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Schematic of the structures for bovine aggrecan core protein peptides. The diagram shows the currently accepted structures for aggrecan core protein peptides derived from bovine cartilage explants before and after treatment with IL-1 (see Fig. 1). The sequences and residue numbers shown are taken from data in Hering et al.50 for bovine aggrecan (accession number AAB38524), and the identifications are taken from Oshita et al.31 and references therein. Note that these residue numbers differ from previous reports11,29 by a constant offset of 19 to conform with genome-based numbering of the leader sequence. Peptides identified with the numbers 5–10 represent aggrecanase-generated aggrecan species. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2005 13, 269-277DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2004.10.023) Copyright © 2005 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Western analysis of ADAMTS4 in cartilage tissue and conditioned medium with JSCYNH. Cartilage was analyzed immediately after harvest (Day 0) or incubated for 6 days in serum-free medium with no treatment, 10ng/ml IL-1, or IL-1 plus 1.35mM ManN. Conditioned medium was concentrated and loaded on an equal volume basis (500μl). IL-1 treatment resulted in a loss of tissue p68 to the medium and an increase in abundance of the p53 in the medium that was blocked by addition of ManN. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2005 13, 269-277DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2004.10.023) Copyright © 2005 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Western analysis of MT4-MMP in cartilage tissue and conditioned medium. Cartilage was analyzed immediately after harvest (Day 0) or incubated for 6 days in serum-free medium with no treatment, 10ng/ml IL-1, or IL-1 plus 1.35mM ManN. IL-1 treatment resulted in a strong increase in MT4-MMP abundance that was blocked by addition of ManN. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2005 13, 269-277DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2004.10.023) Copyright © 2005 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 EST inhibits IL-1-induced changes in ADAMTS4 and MT4-MMP proteins. Cartilage tissue was treated for 6 days with 10ng/ml IL-1 and EST over a range of doses up to 500μM. (A) The GAG released from the tissue to the conditioned medium showed dose-dependent inhibition of IL-1-induced GAG loss by EST (bars indicate mean±s.e.m. for six replicates per group). Linear regression analysis of rank-transformed EST dose vs GAG loss showed a significant trend (P=0.02 for N=4 doses). (B) Western analysis for ADAMTS4 was performed on cartilage tissue extracts and conditioned medium by probing with JSCVMA. Treatment with IL-1 caused a prominent increase in medium abundance of p53 that was blocked by addition of 125μM EST. (C) Western analysis for MT4-MMP in cartilage tissue and conditioned medium showed that IL-1 treatment resulted in a strong increase in MT4-MMP abundance, and this increase was blocked by addition of 125μM EST. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2005 13, 269-277DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2004.10.023) Copyright © 2005 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Realtime PCR analysis of ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5. Cartilage disks were incubated with no additives (control), 10ng/ml IL-1 (IL-1), 1.35mM ManN, or the combination (IL-1+ManN). After 1 day of culture, mRNA was extracted and realtime PCR was performed. Expression levels for (A) ADAMTS4 and (B) ADAMTS5 are shown relative to untreated control disks for three experiments as individual data points (circles) and mean (bars). The effect of ManN, IL-1, and the interaction between ManN and IL-1 was tested for significance by linear regression. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2005 13, 269-277DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2004.10.023) Copyright © 2005 OsteoArthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions