Volume 20, Issue 2, Pages (April 2013)

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Volume 20, Issue 2, Pages 153-158 (April 2013) Erythropoietin improves spatial learning and memory in streptozotocin model of dementia Gholamali Hamidi, Zohreh Arabpour, Moloud Shabrang, Bahman Rashidi, Hojjatallah Alaei, Mohammad Reza Sharifi, Mahmoud Salami, Parham Reisi Pathophysiology Volume 20, Issue 2, Pages 153-158 (April 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2013.01.001 Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Effects of intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) on step-through latency in the rats, 24h after PA acquisition. Data are expressed as mean±SEM. (***p<0.001 with respect to the sham group; n=19–20.) Pathophysiology 2013 20, 153-158DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2013.01.001) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Effects of erythropoietin on performance during the spatial acquisition of Morris Water Maze test in Alzheimeric rats (induced with intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin). The escape latency (A), the path length (B) and the swim speed at different days to reach the platform (C). Each point represents the day mean±SEM of 4 swims. For latency and path length, lower numbers indicate better performance (*p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001 with respect to the control group, †p<0.05 and ††p<0.001 with respect to the Alz-EPO; group n=9–10). (Alz, Alzheimeric; EPO, erythropoietin.) Pathophysiology 2013 20, 153-158DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2013.01.001) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Effects of erythropoietin on performance during the probe trial in Alzheimeric rats (induced with intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin), quadrant time, as measured by mean percentage (%) time spent in each of the four zones, 1 day after spatial acquisition phase (A) and per cent of time that spent in the training quadrant-zone 1 against chance 25% (B). Zone 1 was the training quadrant that previously platform was located (*p<0.05 and **p<0.01 with respect to the control group; xp<0.05 and xxxp<0.001 with respect to chance 25%; n=9–10). (Alz, Alzheimeric; EPO, erythropoietin.) Pathophysiology 2013 20, 153-158DOI: (10.1016/j.pathophys.2013.01.001) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions