Anti-Müllerian hormone is highly expressed and secreted from cumulus granulosa cells of stimulated preovulatory immature and atretic oocytes Alon Kedem-Dickman,

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Anti-Müllerian hormone is highly expressed and secreted from cumulus granulosa cells of stimulated preovulatory immature and atretic oocytes Alon Kedem-Dickman, Ettie Maman, Yuval Yung, Gil M. Yerushalmi, Rina Hemi, Mirit Hanochi, Jehoshua Dor, Ariel Hourvitz Reproductive BioMedicine Online Volume 24, Issue 5, Pages 540-546 (May 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.01.023 Copyright © 2012 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) mRNA expression in cumulus granulosa cells (GC) of immature and mature oocytes. Total mRNA was extracted from cumulus GC denuded from germinal-vesicle (GV, n=4), metaphase-I (MI, n=11) metaphase-II (MII, n=20), and atretic (n=11) oocytes. The RNA was subjected to reverse-transcription (RT) and quantitative RT-PCR for AMH and β-actin (loading control). AMH expression was calculated relative to the β-actin expression in the same sample. The results are expressed as mean±SEM of four independent experiments (follicles from one to four patients from each group in every experiment). AMH mRNA expression was significantly higher in the cumulus GC of GV and MI oocytes than in MII oocytes (1.04±0.05, 0.7±0.01 and 0.45±0.04 AMH/β-actin mRNA, respectively; P<0.01). Reproductive BioMedicine Online 2012 24, 540-546DOI: (10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.01.023) Copyright © 2012 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Follicular fluid (FF) anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations in follicles containing immature and mature oocytes. AMH concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the FF of follicles with germinal-vesicle (GV, n=4), metaphase-I (MI, n=11), metaphase-II (MII, n=113) and atretic (n=11) oocytes. AMH concentrations in the FF of MII oocytes were significantly lower than in the FF of non-MII oocytes (P<0.0006). AMH FF concentration of follicles with GV oocytes was significantly higher than in follicles containing MI, MII and atretic oocytes (12.7±4.4μg/l versus 3.8±0.6μg/l, 1.72±0.2μg/l and 3.0±0.5μg/l, respectively; P<0.005). In addition, follicles containing MI and atretic oocytes had significantly higher concentrations of FF AMH than follicles containing MII oocytes (3.8±0.6μg/l and 3.0±0.5μg/l versus 1.72±0.2μg/l, respectively; P<0.0001). Reproductive BioMedicine Online 2012 24, 540-546DOI: (10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.01.023) Copyright © 2012 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Terms and Conditions