Bellwork: Wednesday, March 8th Review This Reformer believed that all people had a free will. He disagreed with John Calvin. How did the Catholic Church react to new ideas? (like the ones Martin Luther had about reforming the Church) How was the Protestant Reformation different from the Counter Reformation? What did Erasmus believe about the human soul that was different than John Calvin?

On the Performance Task part of your test One of your test questions will say: “John Calvin is best known for…” Answer is NOT B (his attempts to reform the Catholic Church). On the Performance Task part of your test

Vocabulary Mesoamerica – a region from the middle of Mexico south to the present day country of Nicaragua Pre-Columbian – The time period in the Americas before the arrival of Christopher Columbus Maize – corn Nomad – someone without wanders following a food source; no permanent home Arable land – land able to be plowed for farming Irrigate – to supply water by means of ditches, pipes, or other manmade ways Terrain – the lay of the land (example – mountainous terrain) Terrace farming – a way of farming in mountainous terrain. It looks like giant steps. Farmers cut into the mountain to create a series of flat surfaces to plant crops Agriculture – farming Sovereign = self-governing City–state = a sovereign (self-governing) area with a capital city Tenochtitlan = the capital city of the Aztec empire Cuzco = the capital city of the Incan empire Artisan = a skilled crafts worker who creates trade goods by hand Astronomy = the study of stars and other celestial objects and their movement Conquistador = A Spanish conqueror

Which word??

Which word??

Which word?? Self governing Sovereign area with capital city

Which word?? Before Christopher Columbus’ ships What two inventions made more land arable during the Middle Ages in Europe? What’s a city-state? Name another civilization that had city-states?

Which word?? Areas that have flat, fertile, and arable land, usually have an economy based on ____________. The United States is a _________ nation. How would you describe the terrain of the Siegel practice football field?

Vocabulary What type of terrain would you have in order to use terrace farming?

Last Vocab words.. Tenochtitlan – Capital city of Aztecs Cuzco – Capital city of Incas Chichen Itza – Capital city of Maya La Venta – Capital city of Olmec

USA (present day) Atlantic Ocean Mexico (present day) Gulf of Mexico Yucatan Peninsula Caribbean Sea Pacific Ocean Central America

Label: Yucatan Peninsula Gulf of Mexico Caribbean Sea Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Mesoamerica Mexico (modern day) Mesoamerica

American civilizations Olmec civilization Maya civilization Aztec civilization

Label: Yucatan Peninsula Gulf of Mexico Caribbean Sea Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Mesoamerica Mexico (modern day) Label: Sierra Madre Occidental Mtns Sierra Madre Oriental Mtns Olmec civilization Maya civilization Aztec civilization Andes Mountains Inca civilization

White board Review: List the three Mesoamerican civilizations. List an Andean civilization. Which Mesoamerican civilization lived on the Yucatan peninsula? Which Mesoamerican civilization bordered the Gulf of Mexico and Pacific Ocean? Which American civilization most likely practice terrace farming? Why? Which civilization had the coldest climate? Why?

On your Comp Book Map… Sierra Madre Oriental Mountains Gulf of Mexico Sierra Madre Occidental Mountains Caribbean Sea Central America Andes Mountains

On your Comp Book Map… Outline Olmec civilization Color Aztec civilization Color Maya civilization Color Incan civilization

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