Pulmonary cases, culture and smear status

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Pulmonary cases, culture and smear status Proportion ss+ or c+

Pulmonary cases, culture (by citizenship) and smear status Proportion ss+ or c+

The Netherlands, pooled data 1996-2002 (N=6,749 pulmonary cases) Objective - Comparing proportions of sputum smear positive cases between urban and non-urban settings, adjusting for citizenship.

1) Nationals RR=1.27 (95%CL 1.15-1.41), P<10-5 SMEAR Total + - CITY SMEAR Total + - CITY 336 (40.6%) 491 827 691 (31.9%) 1,472 2,163 1,027 1,963 2,990 RR=1.27 (95%CL 1.15-1.41), P<10-5

2) Non-citizens SMEAR Total + - CITY 591 (43.1%) 780 1,371 797 (33.4%) SMEAR Total + - CITY 591 (43.1%) 780 1,371 797 (33.4%) 1591 2,388 1,388 2,371 3,759 RR=1.29 (95%CL 1.19-1.40), P<10-6 Crude RR = 1.29 Summary RR=1.28 Therefore the adjustment does not explain the difference (ie no confounding by citizenship for the association between smear positivity and dwelling in cities).