AP EURO Unit #5 – Nationalism of 19th Century Lesson #507 Worker Conditions https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3MZMoVnO02Y 2m descr of child labor http://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution/videos/industrial-revolution

Working Conditions Kids worked ridiculously long hours 13-14 hours a day, 6 days a week Brutal discipline Mostly poor, illiterate Many orphans from foundling hospitals What should be done? Why? Read PS#1 and PS#2 Medical Examiners (p. 237 in Sherman book) John Write (p. 238 in Sherman book)

Early Legislation Factory Act of 1833 Mines Act of 1842 Age 9-13 (8 hours/day) Under 9 – had to go to factory run elementary schools WHAT WAS THE RESULT TO FAMILIES? CAN YOU SEE WHY THIS WILL SPLIT FAMILIES? Mines Act of 1842 Problem: girls with no shirts This act prohibited women from mines Also pulled out boys under 10 YOUR THOUGHTS?

British leadership during Ind Rev Great Expedition of 1851 (London) The Crystal Palace Population growth” 9 million to 21 million during era 1780-1851 What are the implications? GNP growth 400% What will this mean?

The Dismal Science Early economics Thomas Malthus David Ricardo Essay on the Principle of Population (1789) Population will increase faster than food supply The poor will always be poor No use helping – will be of no use In fact – they will become dependent and weak David Ricardo Iron Law of Wages Wages will always sink to subsistence levels

“The power of population is infinitely greater than the power in the earth to produce subsidence for man. Population, when unchecked, increases in a geometric ratio. Subsistence [food] only increases in an arithmetic ratio. A slight acquaintance with the numbers will show the immensity of the first power in comparison to the second.” Thomas Malthus

Other nations Britain pulled ahead of other nations by 1800 Britain SHOT ahead in next 50 years By 1860 – Britain out-produced next three Euro nations combined France Gradual growth Germany (Prussian unified state) and USA Quickly catching up by late 1800s Causes? US Civil War & German Unification German Zollveriegn (1834) 6. Belgium – new nation in 1830