European Economic and Social Committee Gender Pay Gap European Economic and Social Committee

Gender Overall Earnings Gap The difference between the average annual earnings between women and men - it takes into account disadvantages women face: lower hourly earnings; working fewer hours in paid jobs; lower employment rates. European Economic and Social Committee

European Economic and Social Committee Gender Pay Gap The difference between men’s and women’s pay, based on the average difference in gross hourly earnings, which are paid directly to an employee before any deductions for income tax and social security contributions are made. It does not take into account all of the factors that impact on this gap, such as differences in education, labour market experience, hours worked, type of job. European Economic and Social Committee

European Economic and Social Committee Gender Pay Gap in EU European Economic and Social Committee

Gender Pay Gap in Selected Countries European Economic and Social Committee

European Economic and Social Committee Gender Pay Gap in EU European Economic and Social Committee

Gender Pay Gap Differences in EU Regions European Economic and Social Committee

Female Labour Force Participation by Age Group European Economic and Social Committee

Factors that Contribute to the Gender Pay Gap top positions are mostly held by men women take charge of important unpaid tasks women spend periods off the labour market more often than men in some occupations women are overrepresented pay discrimination, while illegal, still exists European Economic and Social Committee

Factors Driving Changes in Female Labour Force Participation religious, cultural and social norms access to education, including life-long learning and vocational training income level fertility sectoral structure of economy legal and institutional framework European Economic and Social Committee

The Main Causes of the Gender Pay Gap discrimination in the workplace different jobs, different sectors workplace practices and pay systems undervaluated women’s work and skills few women in leadership positions gender roles in the society balancing work and family duties European Economic and Social Committee

Benefits of Closing the Gender Pay Gap fairer and more equal society more quality jobs profits for business, workers and the economy no litigation and complains basis for economic growth European Economic and Social Committee

Thank You for Your Attention Krzysztof Pater kpater@gazeta.pl European Economic and Social Committee