Warm up Kahoot! Shapes and boundaries

Supranationalism and Supranational Organizations Pick up the note sheet on the way in.

Oops Vocab Frontier—A zone where states offer little or no political control “The American Frontier” Western Sahara, Northwestern Pakistan Failed state—A state where the government can no longer perform basic functions, like security, and has lost sovereignty Somalia Mexico?

Quick vocab word Shatterbelt States caught in the middle of a conflict between two powerful states WWII—Poland was caught between Nazi Germany and Soviet Union, got invaded Eastern Turkey—Between Turkey and ISIS

Another vocab word! Buffer zone = An area seen as a safe zone between two conflicting states U.S.S.R. saw Eastern bloc states as a buffer zone to invasion from Western Europe. Mongolia buffer state between Russia and China

UNCLOS United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea Declared that each state has sovereignty over 12(ish) miles of sea from its coast Helped most countries economically as they had complete access to certain waters Conflict in the South China Sea Antarctica—45 states declared in 1945 that no one can claim Antarctica Used primarily for research

Supranationalism Supranationalism = Three or more states form an alliance for political, economic, and/or cultural reasons. States realize that their power alone is limited States have to give up part of their sovereignty (power) to join an alliance

Group presentations! In groups, you will each get a supranational organization to teach to the class. Each organization will also have some issue or controversy related to the organization. You will teach your supranational organization to the class. Your classmates will grade you on the quality of your presentation. This will be based on: How well the group members seem to know the information How clearly the information is presented How interesting the group is when they are presenting Go to sigren.weebly.com for info on your supranational organizations.

Supranational Organizations The United Nations (U.N.)

The United Nations Founded in 1945, right after World War 2 Now 193 countries Largely acts as an advisory/influential body (usually doesn’t violate sovereignty of individual states) Primary goal—Establishing security and preventing conflict Addresses tons of global issues, like: climate change sustainable development human rights Disarmament Terrorism humanitarian and health emergencies gender equality Good governance food production, and more

UN involvement in the Rwandan Genocide

Supranational Organizations The European Union (E.U.)

The European Union An economic union of 28 member states All states agree to create a “single economic market,” When counted together, the largest economy in the world (GDP-$18.5 trillion) Common policies on: Free movement of goods across borders Free movement of people across borders (no passports needed) Agricultural policy Currency (the Euro) Immigration (kinda) Cross border infrastructure Economic bailouts of struggling states (Greece)

Brexit

Turkey

Supranational Organizations

OPEC 13 “Oil Producing and Exporting States” that account for 40% of oil production (73% of oil reserves) Founded in 1960 Together, they decide how much oil to produce to get the global price of oil they want

North American Free Trade Agreement (N.A.F.T.A.)

North American Free Trade Agreement Elimination of tariffs and trade barriers between the US, Canada, and Mexico Signed in 1994 Made it easier for businesses to trade across borders, which was predicted to improve the economies of all three countries (especially by helping Mexico industrialize) No immigration provisions, but made it easier for guest workers to cross borders

Supranational Organizations The African Union

Includes all 55 countries on the African continent Main purposes Achieve greater unity among African countries Defend sovereignty of countries and maintain security Promote common African positions in dealings with the rest of the world Promote democracy on the continent Promote economic development on the continent Issues Military interventions Human rights abuses

Review sheet! Your test on political geography will be Monday/Tuesday. 35 MC 2 FRQ I know you want to know exactly what’s on the test, so you are welcome for giving you such a long and detailed review sheet that has almost everything that will be on the exam. No need to thank me!

The African Union Union consisting of 54 African countries (every one except Morocco) Established in 2001 African presidents meet every 2 years to discuss regional issues Intervene militarily to stop civil wars/human rights violations Address topics like: Poverty and economic development AIDS and malaria Gender and family issues Conflict Want to create a free trade area and common currency eventually

Other Supranational Organizations ASEAN ECOWAS WTO Different parts of the UN WHO UNICEF UNESCO UN Women Tons more