Identifying Chemical Reactions

Types of Reactions synthesis (S) decomposition (D) single replacement (SR) double replacement (DR) combustion (C)

Synthesis format: A + B  C identifying feature: 1 product only [A & B: elements &/or compounds, C: compound] 2 Fe(s) + 3 Cl2(g)  2 FeCl3(s) CaO(s) + H2O(l)  Ca(OH)2(s)

Decomposition format: AB  A + B identifying feature: 1 reactant only [AB: compound, A & B: elements &/or compounds] 2 NaN3(s)  2 Na(s) + 3 N2(g) NH4NO3(s)  N2O(g) + 2 H2O(g)

Single Replacement format: A + BX  AX + B identifying feature: single element + compound  different element + different compound 2 Li(s) + 2 H2O(l)  2 LiOH(aq) + H2(g) Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq)  2Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)

Double Replacement format: AX + BY  AY + BX   Double Replacement format: AX + BY  AY + BX identifying feature: 2 cmpds form 2 new cmpds Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2HCl(aq)  CaCl2(aq) + 2 H2O(l) 2 NaOH(aq) + CuCl2(aq)  2 NaCl(aq) + Cu(OH)2(s)

Combustion (reaction with O2) format: A + O2  B ( + C + …) identifying feature: O2 is reactant AND 2 or more products formed CH4(g) + 2 O2(g)  CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g)

Regents Board says synthesis TOPS combustion Note: Regents Board says synthesis TOPS combustion 2 H2(g) + O2(g)  2 H2O(g) C(s) + O2(g)  CO2(g) synthesis rxns NOT combustion rxns

Identify the Reaction Type CaO + CO2  CaCO3 2 H2O  2 H2 + O2 NaOH + HCl  NaCl + H2O Zn + 2 HCl  ZnCl2 + H2 2 Mg + O2  2 MgO Mg + H2SO4  MgSO4 + H2 2 KClO3  2 KCl + 3 O2 AgNO3 + NaCl  NaNO3 + AgCl synthesis decomposition DR SR synthesis SR decomposition DR

Stoichiometry!!! What comes next? Learn to use balanced chemical equations to predict amount of given reactant or product under certain conditions