Cholesterol crystal embolism: Diagnosis and treatment

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Cholesterol crystal embolism: Diagnosis and treatment A. Meyrier Kidney International Volume 69, Issue 8, Pages 1308-1312 (April 2006) DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5000263 Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Typical appearance of cutaneous lesions. This figure shows a purple toe (→) and an area of livedo reticularis (↑). Kidney International 2006 69, 1308-1312DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5000263) Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Ulcerated aortic plaque. A clot (*) separates cholesterol crystals (↙) from the bloodstream. Clot dislodgement or lysis sets crystals free. Once showered into the bloodstream, they lodge in renal arteries with a diameter of 150–200 μm, mostly arcuate and interlobular arteries. Courtesy: Patrick Bruneval MD. Kidney International 2006 69, 1308-1312DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5000263) Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Renal biopsy at a late stage. Cholesterol crystals appear as transparent clefts. This interlobular artery is obstructed by endarteritis and fibrosis. Toluidine blue, original magnification: × 400. Kidney International 2006 69, 1308-1312DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5000263) Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions