Several potential sources of error in esophageal manometry are illustrated in this transverse section of the thorax. Several potential sources of error in esophageal manometry are illustrated in this transverse section of the thorax. The esophageal pressure estimated pleural pressure (Ppl) at mid-thorax. The Ppl is more negative in the non-dependent thorax and less negative in the dependent thorax. Additionally, the weight of the heart and mediastinum will increase the pressure measured in the esophagus relative to Ppl. Dean R Hess Respir Care 2014;59:1773-1794 (c) 2012 by Daedalus Enterprises, Inc.