Several potential sources of error in esophageal manometry are illustrated in this transverse section of the thorax. Several potential sources of error.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Effect of nasal positive expiratory pressure (PEP) on 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance and pre- to post-exercise increase in lung volumes in each individual.
Advertisements

The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.
Airway pressure and flow waveforms during constant flow volume control ventilation, illustrating the effect of an end-inspiratory breath-hold. Airway pressure.
Air flow during ventilator-supported speech production.
Lung CT images were obtained while tracing the curve in static conditions. Lung CT images were obtained while tracing the curve in static conditions. Note.
Representative images of 5 subjects are shown.
Matrix used to calculate the kappa statistic.
The Spectrum mask incorporates the leak port into the circuit, whereas the Mirage mask incorporates the leak port into the mask. The Spectrum mask incorporates.
Schematic representation of vertical pleural pressure (Ppl) distribution from the apex to the bases in the upright position and their respective diminishment.
Even though this patient is undergoing positive-pressure mechanical ventilation, the first 4 breaths have a relatively negative pressure (ie, pressure.
An example of delayed cycling during pressure-support ventilation of a patient with COPD, on a Puritan Bennett 7200 ventilator, which has a flow-termination.
The third breath has a negative deflection (ie, below PEEP) at the end of the mechanical breath (arrow A) associated with a flow increase (arrow B), indicating.
Example airway pressure and rib-cage impedance in a premature infant supported with the biphasic mode of SiPAP (“sigh” positive airway pressure) from the.
A: Computed tomogram shows bilateral dependent consolidation in a patient with ARDS, as well as ground-glass opacities in the non-dependent lung. A: Computed.
A: Schematic representation of the heterogeneity of the lungs of patients with ARDS. Normal alveoli are subject to injury due to overdistention, whereas.
Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value, Area Under the Curve, and 95% CIs for the 0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 SatSeconds.
Example of invasive measurement of respiratory pressures.
Trigger and synchronization windows.
Illustrated here are several features used to determine that the esophageal balloon is correctly placed in the esophagus. Illustrated here are several.
Typical pressure-time curves during forced expiration against an occluded airway in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and healthy controls. Typical pressure-time.
Top: Stress index (SI) in a patient early in the course of ARDS
Recommendations from the Pre-hospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) manual for FIO2 delivery, based on breathing frequency and FIO2 capabilities of devices.
Ineffective efforts and operation of apnea ventilation during pressure control continuous spontaneous ventilation (PC-CSV). Ineffective efforts and operation.
Asynchrony index (%) during invasive and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) relative to body weight. Asynchrony index (%) during invasive and noninvasive ventilation.
Schematic drawing of alveolar sizes at upper (A), middle (B), and lower dependent (C) lung regions at end expiration and end inspiration. Schematic drawing.
Distribution of the differences between carboxyhemoglobin measured noninvasively (SpCO) versus via blood (HbCO), rounded to the nearest full percentage.
Effect of respiratory mechanics on cycling of pressure support from inhalation to exhalation. Effect of respiratory mechanics on cycling of pressure support.
In supine obese people, the weight of the abdomen pushes against the diaphragm, causing a cranial displacement of the muscle. In supine obese people, the.
Flow, esophageal pressure, airway pressure, and transpulmonary pressure can be used to calculate respiratory system compliance, chest-wall compliance,
Esophageal pressure, airway pressure, and transpulmonary pressure (PL) with PEEP set at 26 cm H2O (same patient as Fig. 24). Esophageal pressure, airway.
Negative pressures calculated with the Rosen and Hillard formula
We connected the supplemental oxygen supply at 3 places: near the ventilator, near the exhalation valve, and on the nasal mask port. We connected the supplemental.
Control circuit for an adaptive pressure targeting scheme (eg, Pressure Regulated Volume Control). Control circuit for an adaptive pressure targeting scheme.
The curved Macintosh blade and straight Miller blade in standard adult sizes (Macintosh size 3, Miller size 2), with different handle choices available.
Blom speech cannula. Blom speech cannula. Inspiratory pressure opens the flap valve and closes (expands) the bubble valve, sealing the fenestration so.
Carbon monoxide (CO) delivery system used in animal models and Phase 1 clinical trials. Carbon monoxide (CO) delivery system used in animal models and.
Change in mean pulmonary arterial pressure after a 5-min inhalation of the Rho kinase inhibitor Y in rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, with.
Electrical impedance tomographic (EIT) images are created using a series of electrodes placed across the chest, each of which send and receive electrical.
Control circuit for set-point or dual targeting schemes.
A: Scanning electron microscopy image of Bivona TTS silicone tube after 3 months of use. A: Scanning electron microscopy image of Bivona TTS silicone tube.
Control circuit for a servo targeting scheme (eg, Proportional Assist Ventilation). Control circuit for a servo targeting scheme (eg, Proportional Assist.

Negative pressures generated in our airway model.
Change in trigger delay during invasive (A) and noninvasive ventilation (B) with variable leak. Change in trigger delay during invasive (A) and noninvasive.
Venn diagram illustrating how the mode taxonomy can be viewed in terms of discriminating features and defining features. Venn diagram illustrating how.
A: Pressure ulcer on the left cheek of a patient after 1 week of prone positioning using a commercially available endotracheal tube (ETT) holder. A: Pressure.
Kaplan-Meier curve for the probability of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) failure relative to continuous use of NIV and stratified for Acute Physiology and.
Experimental setup of particle distribution using the 8-stage Andersen cascade impactor and in vitro module using an absolute filter. Experimental setup.
The cause of asynchrony during volume-targeted ventilation and total asynchrony index. The cause of asynchrony during volume-targeted ventilation and total.
The esophageal balloon catheter is advanced to approximately 60 cm, so the catheter tip is in the stomach, confirmed by gently compressing the abdomen,
Survival of subjects listed for heart transplantation with different spirometric ventilatory patterns. Survival of subjects listed for heart transplantation.
Calculated negative pressure developed in the lung plotted against the outside diameter of the suction catheter to the inside diameter of the airway. Calculated.
Survival of subjects listed for heart transplantation with and without spirometry. Survival of subjects listed for heart transplantation with and without.
Schematic of mechanisms behind the better recruitment of alveoli with spontaneous breathing. Schematic of mechanisms behind the better recruitment of alveoli.
Plots of alveolar PO2, hemoglobin saturation, and alveolar PCO2 as a function of alveolar ventilation in a normal subject at sea level (inspired oxygen.
Components of a patient-triggered mechanical breath.
FEV1 and FVC for the control group (without noninvasive ventilation [NIV]), NIV with an inspiratory pressure (IPAP) of 15 cm H2O and expiratory pressure.
Airway pressure and flow graphics illustrate delayed cycling.
A: Tracheostomy timing in Project IMPACT surgical ICUs
A: Work of breathing before and after nebulized terbutaline delivered via standard nebulization method versus delivered during continuous positive airway.
Sequence plot visualizing the development of symptom frequency for the cohort at the individual level between 2006 and Sequence plot visualizing.
The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.
Progression of spontaneous breathing trials administered during inspiratory muscle strength training study interventions. Progression of spontaneous breathing.
Delivery efficiency with different devices, ventilator positions, and ventilator settings. Delivery efficiency with different devices, ventilator positions,
Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging of our patient performed at ∼7
Difference between mid-frequency ventilation (MFV), volume control continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV), and pressure control CMV (PC-CMV) when frequency.
A: Comparison of pediatric lung transplant survival between different age groups. A: Comparison of pediatric lung transplant survival between different.
Percent of extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) babies alive and off mechanical ventilation at 7 days, and median days on mechanical ventilation for ELBW.
Minute-by-minute means of breathing variables during the spontaneous breathing trial for the groups of subjects with trial success (n = 32) and failure.
Mean nasopharyngeal pressure during high-flow oxygen therapy, with mouth open or closed. Mean nasopharyngeal pressure during high-flow oxygen therapy,
Presentation transcript:

Several potential sources of error in esophageal manometry are illustrated in this transverse section of the thorax. Several potential sources of error in esophageal manometry are illustrated in this transverse section of the thorax. The esophageal pressure estimated pleural pressure (Ppl) at mid-thorax. The Ppl is more negative in the non-dependent thorax and less negative in the dependent thorax. Additionally, the weight of the heart and mediastinum will increase the pressure measured in the esophagus relative to Ppl. Dean R Hess Respir Care 2014;59:1773-1794 (c) 2012 by Daedalus Enterprises, Inc.