All About Matter

Kinetic Molecular Theory Definition- Kinetic means energy of motion, so KMT or kinetic molecular theory means the energy of motion of molecules in different states of matter.

Phase Diagram-Based on KMT

Solid Solids are the slowest form of kinetic energy. The molecules vibrate in fixed positions. (Defined space and volume).

Liquid Liquids are a faster form of kinetic energy. The molecules slide past other molecules causing it to have fluid motion. (Defined volume and undefined space).

Gas Gases are one of the fastest forms of kinetic energy. The molecules collide and bounce off each other and is also considered to have fluid motion. (Undefined volume and undefined space).

Plasma Plasma is the fastest form of kinetic energy. The molecules consists primarily of electrons. (Also undefined volume and undefined space).

Extensive Property An extensive property depends on the amount of anything that has mass and takes up space (matter).

Intensive Property An intensive property does not depend on the amount of matter present (examples: color, density, and pretty much anything that is not mass or volume).

Classification of different states of matter Substances-100% pure, consists of only one thing. THERE ARE ONLY TWO TYPES OF SUBSTANCES!! ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS

PURE ELEMENTS Consists of only one type of atom.

PURE COMPOUNDS Consists of two or more atoms chemically combined in a fixed proportion (H2O, CO2, NaCl, C6H12O6).

Classification of different states of matter Mixtures-Un-pure, consists of a mix of different things. THERE ARE ONLY TWO TYPES OF MIXTURES!! HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS

UNPURE HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE Homogeneous solutions consists of a liquid and a solid (looks the same).

UNPURE HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE Heterogeneous solutions consists of a uneven distribution of compounds, elements, and other materials (looks different).

Time to fill out the checklist There will only be one place to fill in your answer. Narrow down if it is a substance or a mixture and classify. Cross out the other one, for example, lithium is a substance so the mixture part is crossed out. Lithium is an element-so this is what is written under substances.

Chlorine

Water

Soil

Sugar water

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Rocky road ice cream

Alcohol

Pure air

Iron