Properties of Matter Chapter 2 August 17, 2009.

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Presentation transcript:

Properties of Matter Chapter 2 August 17, 2009

Matter Matter can be divided into two categories: Mixtures and Substances Matter Mixtures: Contain more than one kind of matter Examples? Substances: Cannot be separated into different kinds of matter by physical means Examples?

Two Categories of Mixtures Homogeneous mixtures Same throughout Ex: soda, chocolate ice cream, brass Heterogeneous mixtures Different samples are not made of exact same proportions of matter Ex: chicken soup, soil, rocky road ice cream

Two Categories of Pure Substances Elements Contain only one kind of matter Ex: silver, copper, oxygen gas Smallest possible particle of an element: ATOM Compounds Made of two or more elements that cannot be separated Ex: table salt (sodium chloride), rust, carbon dioxide Smallest possible particle of a compound: MOLECULE

Four States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Solid Molecules constantly vibrate but cannot switch places with other molecules Retains it shape and size

Liquid Molecules move faster and slip out of position Has a definite size but not shape Takes on the shape of whatever container it is poured into

Gas Molecules move so fast that they bounce out of the liquid state and into the gas state No definite size or shape Will spread out evenly throughout its container

Plasma Matter enters this state when it is heated to such a high temperature that some of the atoms actually begin to break apart Found in the sun and lightning

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