Analysis of Lifeguard-Recorded Data at Hanauma Bay, Hawaii

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Presentation transcript:

Analysis of Lifeguard-Recorded Data at Hanauma Bay, Hawaii Scott Y. Harada, MD, Ralph S. Goto, BEd, Andrew T. Nathanson, MD Wilderness & Environmental Medicine Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages 72-76 (March 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2010.10.012 Copyright © 2011 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Map of Hanauma Bay labeled with locations of lifeguard towers (3A and 3B) and distribution of reported rescues for years 2000 to 2002 and 2006 to 2007. Rescues made in all other locations, N = 8 (0.7%). Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 2011 22, 72-76DOI: (10.1016/j.wem.2010.10.012) Copyright © 2011 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Factors contributing to rescues at Hanauma Bay based on Incident Report forms for years 2000 to 2002 and 2006 to 2007 (N = 1247). Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 2011 22, 72-76DOI: (10.1016/j.wem.2010.10.012) Copyright © 2011 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Comparison of lifeguard estimates of attendance and bathers with actual attendance based on ticket sales data averaged by month for years 2000 to 2007 at Hanauma Bay. Lifeguard estimates of attendance and bathers were calculated by summing estimates made at 3 available time points (12, 2, and 4 pm) and 12 and 4 pm time points. Lifeguard estimates summing all three and 12 and 4 PM time points differed from actual attendance by factors of 1.78 (SD = 0.08) and 0.91 (SD = 0.04), respectively. Trends in monthly ticket sales were highly correlated with lifeguard estimates of attendance (12, 2, and 4 pm, R = 0.98; 12 and 4 pm, R = 0.98) and bathers (12, 2, and 4 pm, R = 0.97; 12 and 4 pm, R = 0.97). Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 2011 22, 72-76DOI: (10.1016/j.wem.2010.10.012) Copyright © 2011 Wilderness Medical Society Terms and Conditions