Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha on porcine oocyte meiosis progression, spindle organization, and chromosome alignment  Cai-Hong Ma, M.D., Li-Ying Yan, Ph.D., Jie Qiao, M.D., Wei Sha, Ph.D., Li Li, Ph.D., Yuan Chen, Ph.D., Qing-Yuan Sun, Ph.D.  Fertility and Sterility  Volume 93, Issue 3, Pages 920-926 (February 2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.01.131 Copyright © 2010 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Confocal images of oocyte spindle structure after staining with FITC-labeled anti-α-tubulin monoclonal antibody for microtubules (green) and chromosomes alignment with PI (red). (A, B) Normal spindle configuration with normal chromosome alignment on a compact metaphase plate at the equator. (C) Normal spindle showing distinct barrel shape with abnormal chromosomes aligned in the center. (D) Normal chromosomes alignment with abnormal spindle. (E–F) Oocytes with abnormal spindle and chromosomes. Bar = 20 μm. Fertility and Sterility 2010 93, 920-926DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.01.131) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Effect of TNF-α on microfilament formation in porcine oocytes. FITC-conjugated phalloidine was used to visualize actin filaments (green) and PI was used to visualize chromosomes alignment (red). (A–C) Normal microfilament configuration with chromosome alignment on a compact metaphase plate at the equator. (D–F) Oocytes with abnormal microfilament and chromosome structure. (D) Oocytes with normal chromosome alignment but abnormal microfilament. (E) Oocytes with normal microfilament but abnormal chromosome alignment. (F) Oocytes with abnormal microfilament and abnormal chromosome alignment. Bar = 20 μm. Fertility and Sterility 2010 93, 920-926DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.01.131) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Difference in MII rates after treatment of oocytes with TNF-α for different times. Fertility and Sterility 2010 93, 920-926DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.01.131) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions