Possible Impact of Cytomegalovirus-Specific CD8+ T Cells on Immune Reconstitution and Conversion to Complete Donor Chimerism after Allogeneic Stem Cell.

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Possible Impact of Cytomegalovirus-Specific CD8+ T Cells on Immune Reconstitution and Conversion to Complete Donor Chimerism after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation  Justyna Ogonek, Pavankumar Varanasi, Susanne Luther, Patrick Schweier, Wolfgang Kühnau, Gudrun Göhring, Elke Dammann, Michael Stadler, Arnold Ganser, Sylvia Borchers, Ulrike Koehl, Eva M. Weissinger, Lothar Hambach  Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation  Volume 23, Issue 7, Pages 1046-1053 (July 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.03.027 Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Immune reconstitution is faster in patients receiving grafts from CMV-seropositive donor. Course of CD3+ (left), CD8+ (middle), and CD4+ (right) T cell reconstitution in CMV R+/D– patients (open circles) and R+/D+ patients (filled squares) after allo-SCT. The data points indicate mean ± standard error of the mean. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test, P < .05 are indicated. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1046-1053DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.03.027) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 The course of CMV-CTL reconstitution after allo-SCT is similar in CMV R+/D– and R+/D+ patients with CMV-CTLs. CMV-CTL reconstitution in the CMV R+/D– and R+/D+ setting is shown in all patients (A and B) or only in patients with >1 CMV-CTL/µl (C). (A and C) The data points indicate mean ±  standard error of the mean in R+/D– (open circles) and R+/D+ patients (filled squares). Statistical analysis was performed from month 1 (A) or month 2 (C) after allo-SCT on using Mann-Whitney U test. P < .05 are indicated. (B) The bars indicate percentage of patients with >1 CMV-CTL/µl in R+/D– (open bars) and R+/D+ patients (filled bars). Comparison between groups was performed using Fisher's exact test. P < .05 are indicated. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1046-1053DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.03.027) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Presence of CMV-CTL is associated with a strong immune reconstitution. (A) CD3+ (left), CD8+ (middle), and CD4+ (right) levels at 3 months after allo-SCT in CMV R+/D– (circles) and R+/D+ (squares) patients without CMV-CTLs (open symbols) and with CMV-CTLs (filled symbols). Data points represent individual patients and horizontal line indicates mean. (B) Course of CD3+ (left), CD8+ (middle), and CD4+ (right) T cell reconstitution in the combined CMV R+/D– and R+/D+ patient cohort without (open triangles) and with CMV-CTLs (filled triangles) after allo-SCT. Data points represent mean ±  standard error of the mean. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test. P < .05 are indicated. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1046-1053DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.03.027) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 CMV-CTL response positively correlates with the overall T cell recovery in patients with CMV-CTLs. Correlation of CMV-CTL counts (x axis) with CD3+ (left), CD8+ (middle), and CD4+ (right) T cell count (y axis) in (A) CMV R+/D+ patients and (B) CMV R+/D– patients with >1 CMV-CTL/µL within the first 10 months after allo-SCT. Significant differences between groups were assessed by Spearman rank correlation test including 1 not depicted data point located outside the axis limits. P values indicate significance levels, and R indicates the correlation coefficient. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1046-1053DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.03.027) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Presence of CMV-CTLs is linked to low host chimerism levels. (A) Host chimerism levels at 3 months after allo-SCT in all CMV R+/D– patients (open circles) and R+/D+ patients (filled squares). (B and C) Host chimerism levels at 3 months after allo-SCT in all patients (B) and in patients without aGVHD grades II to IV (C). CMV R+/D– (circles) and R+/D+(squares) patients without CMV-CTLs (open symbols) and with CMV-CTLs (filled symbols) were compared. Data points represent individual patients and the horizontal line indicates mean. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test. P < .05 are indicated. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2017 23, 1046-1053DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.03.027) Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions