World War II and Its Aftermath Section 2: The Axis Advances Witness History Audio: Janina’s War Story The Axis Advances Nazi Germany invaded Poland from one side, while the Soviets came from the other. France and Britain had no time to help. Then Germany attacked France from the north, and Italy invaded from the south. When France fell, only Britain stood against the Axis powers. A Nazi bombing campaign against London and other cities only strengthened British resolve. Meanwhile, Axis armies also pushed into North Africa and the Balkans. Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “How does Janina describe the German attack on Poland?” (Sample: loud, destructive, confusing, horrifying) “How do you predict airplanes might be used in World War II?” (Sample: for bombing, transportation, reconnaissance) When showing Color Transparency 175, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion. Witness History Audio: Winston Churchill Witness History Audio: Surviving the Blitz Note Taking Transparency 172A 1 of 8

World War II and Its Aftermath Section 2: The Axis Advances Germany Invades the Soviet Union Hitler invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941 in the hopes of gaining its natural resources and putting down communism. Hitler’s advance was stalled by the brutal Russian winter, but Russians in Leningrad suffered a two-and-a-half-year siege that caused mass starvation. Life Under Japanese and Nazi Occupation The people who lived in lands occupied by the Nazis and the Japanese were often offered brutal treatment. Hitler’s forces sent Polish and Soviet Slavs to work as slave laborers and the Jewish people got the same and worse in Nazi “death camps.” The Japanese killed and tortured Asians whom they claimed to help free from Western colonial rule. Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “How does Janina describe the German attack on Poland?” (Sample: loud, destructive, confusing, horrifying) “How do you predict airplanes might be used in World War II?” (Sample: for bombing, transportation, reconnaissance) When showing Color Transparency 175, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion. Note Taking Transparency 172B 2 of 8

World War II and Its Aftermath Section 2: The Axis Advances Japan Attacks the United States When the U.S. banned the sale of war materials to Japan after its invasion of French Indochina, Japan and the U.S. participated in fruitless talks. Japanese General Tojo ordered an attack on the American fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. This led to a declaration of war by the U.S. Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “How does Janina describe the German attack on Poland?” (Sample: loud, destructive, confusing, horrifying) “How do you predict airplanes might be used in World War II?” (Sample: for bombing, transportation, reconnaissance) When showing Color Transparency 175, use the lesson suggested in the transparency book to guide a discussion. Color Transparency 175: Pearl Harbor QuickTake Section Quiz Progress Monitoring Transparency 3 of 8

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