In vivo three-dimensional blood velocity profile shapes in the human common, internal, and external carotid arteries Alexey V. Kamenskiy, PhD, Yuris.

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In vivo three-dimensional blood velocity profile shapes in the human common, internal, and external carotid arteries Alexey V. Kamenskiy, PhD, Yuris A. Dzenis, PhD, Jason N. MacTaggart, MD, Anastasia S. Desyatova, MS, Iraklis I. Pipinos, MD Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 54, Issue 4, Pages 1011-1020 (October 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.254 Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Schematic of a typical carotid bifurcation and locations of the points 1-9 where the velocity waveforms were measured. CCA, Common carotid artery; ECA, external carotid artery; ICA, internal carotid artery. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 1011-1020DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.254) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Mean velocity profiles in the common carotid artery (CCA) before and after endarterectomy (EAE). Data are presented at peak systole (PS), early diastole (ED), and late diastole (LD). Velocity profiles are given for two directions: anterior-posterior and lateral-medial. Numbers in circles along the horizontal axis represent points on Fig 1 where velocity waveforms were measured. Horizontal axis represents the diameter of the artery normalized to 1 cm. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 1011-1020DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.254) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Mean velocity profiles in the external carotid artery (ECA) before and after endarterectomy (EAE). Data are presented at peak systole (PS), early diastole (ED), and late diastole (LD). Velocity profiles are given for two directions: anterior-posterior and lateral-medial. Numbers in circles along the horizontal axis represent points on Fig 1 where velocity waveforms were measured. Horizontal axis represents the diameter of the artery normalized to 1 cm. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 1011-1020DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.254) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Mean velocity profiles in the internal carotid artery (ICA) before and after endarterectomy (EAE). Data are presented at peak systole (PS), early diastole (ED), and late diastole (LD). Velocity profiles are given for two directions: anterior-posterior and lateral-medial. Numbers in circles along the horizontal axis represent points on Fig 1 where velocity waveforms were measured. Horizontal axis represents the diameter of the artery normalized to 1 cm. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 1011-1020DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.254) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Mean velocity profiles in the lateral-medial and anterior-posterior directions for common (CCA), external (ECA), and internal (ICA) postendarterectomy carotid artery at peak systole and late diastole. Standard deviations are plotted along with mean values to show the variability of data. Horizontal axis represents the diameter of the artery normalized to 1 cm. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 1011-1020DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.254) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 Postendarterectomy three-dimensional velocity profiles in the common (CCA), external (ECA), and internal (ICA) carotid arteries at peak systole. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2011 54, 1011-1020DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.254) Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions