Warm-up Suppose you were given the chance to be very young again and to start your teenage years over. Would you relive your life differently, or do you think you would make the same mistakes? In one paragraph, jot down your thoughts on what people would do if they were given a second chance.

Warm-up Describe the American Romantic Hero. Describe the American Novel and how it differed from those in Europe. When and where do you feel you can gather your thoughts best? Explain why.

Transcendentalism & Romanticism Nathaniel Hawthorne

American Romanticism Rationalists the city = opportunity for success and self-realization Romantics The city = corruption, immorality, and death The countryside = purity Find independence, moral clarity, healthful living Psychological journey = divine and self discovery

Characteristics of Romanticism Originated late 18th century An artistic and literary movement. Intuition over Intellect Imagination Emphasis on Nature Individual, inner life

Transcendentalists In order to determine the ultimate reality of God, the universe, and the self, one must go beyond everyday human experience in the physical world. Beyond idealists. Every living thing reflects Divine Soul. Physical facts = doorway to spiritual realities. “Every natural fact is a symbols of some spiritual fact.” Intuition and spontaneous feelings superior to deliberate intellect. Self-reliance, individualism outweighs conformity. They went beyond idealists (said that true reality is found in ideas rather than in the world we experience it on a surface, literal level)

Dark Romantics Intuition over logic. Signs and symbols in everything. Believed spiritual facts revealed in nature aren’t always good. Topics Good vs. evil Guilt and sin Madness Saw horror of evil

The Gothic Setting in a castle An atmosphere of mystery and suspense Omens, visions Supernatural or otherwise inexplicable events High, overwrought emotion Women in distress Gloom and horror Footsteps approaching Lights in abandoned rooms Characters trapped in a room Ruins of buildings Thunder & lightening, rain Sights, moans, howls, screams Creaking doors and floors Gusts of wind blowing out lights Howling wolves/dogs Crazed laughter

Nathaniel Hawthorne 1804-1864, born in Salem Ancestor Judge Hathorne. Shut himself away for twelve years. Guilty Puritan conscience. Dark insights about humanity resulted in depression. Topics: sin, redemption, guilt, aging and death

Allegory Two levels of meaning: literal and allegorical. Allegorical A literary work in which characters, settings, and events stand for abstract ideas or moral qualities. Characters are one-dimensional. What they represent is clear. Represent one particular aspect of human nature. Stand for broader concepts (ex: Hope, Wordly, Wiseman, Little Faith) Moral is taught. Usually clear to figure out. Writer WANTS you to know it!

Warm-up Respond to the following questions and explain your opinion. We will not go over this, so make sure you get this done in the first 10 minutes. Add your answers to the bottom of your study questions. Do not write on your warm-up packet today. Do you think it is true that everyone has things they don’t tell anyone else? Should it be that way? Is it possible to every REALLY know someone? Do you think that all people are guilty, and are there varying levels of guilt? Why or why not? Do you think that people should be more open to admitting their wrongs? What are some of the effects when people don’t? How do people try to avoid facing their faults? What would a society look like where people don’t blame others?

Topics and themes SIN/FAULTS Theme: Evidence: FACING FAULTS

Minister’s black veil Story set in time of Puritan ancestors. Era characterized by gloom and piety. Based on true story. Clergyman died 80 years prior. Guilty of accidental murder. From that day until death, he kept his face covered. PARABLE – short, usually simple story based on events from ordinary life, from which a moral lesson is drawn Subtitle of story. Stresses importance of story’s moral theme.

Romantic, dark romantic, transcendentalist elements?