Research Proposal and Report Pushkar Bajracharya

Research Proposal Background of the problem Problem statement Purpose of the study Theoretical framework Description of variables Research questions/hypotheses Rationale of the study Very brief review of the latest available literature Research methods References

Other Proposals Include, in addition, Rationale and justification Risk Risk mitigating measures Organisation structure/mechanisms Time period Experts Budget

Preliminary Materials Title page of the Research Project Approval Page Statement of Authorship and Originality Acknowledgments Table of Contents List of Tables and Figures Common Abbreviations Used Executive Summary

Body of the Report Chapter I Introduction Chapter II Related Literature Chapter III Research Methods Chapter IV Results and Analysis Chapter V Discussion ,Conclusion and Implications

Supplementary Materials References Appendices

Introduction Background of the Problem Problem Statement Purpose of the Study Theoretical framework Primary Research Questions or Hypotheses Scope and Limitations of the Study Definition of Terms Structure of the Report

Related Literature Carefully structure findings of the literature survey. It may be useful to do a chronological format where you discuss from the earliest to the latest research, placing your research appropriately in the chronology. Meta analysis may be conducted at.

Research Methods Research Approach/framework/design You clearly outline what methodology you used in your research i.e. what you did and how you did it. It must be clearly written so that it would be easy for another researcher to duplicate your research if they wished to. The contents of this chapter may include: Research Approach/framework/design Subjects: Population, sampling, sample size, justification Instruments: tools Reliability and validity Procedures Statistical Analysis

Results and Analysis Data are analyzed statistically and results are presented and interpreted. This is where you indicate what you found in your research. You give the results of your research. Based on these results you give your interpretation. You also discuss the relevance of your results and how your findings fit with other research in the area. It will relate back to your literature review and your introductory research project problem statement/theoretical framework.

Process Tabulate results (experiments, surveys, or other data) in meaningful and relevant way Calculate appropriate values statistical or otherwise Select an appropriate presentation strategy Interpret the results.

Methods of Analysis Presentation Numerical, charts or comparative tables, charts With more clarifying values, evidences eg ratios, mean, standard deviation Median, range Tabulation, presentation, statistical analysis.

Methods of Analysis.. Explain the meaning of the value Compare with similar or other situations Compare with trends and literature Find out the reason for commonality or differences If more information needed, dig in information and support your analysis Look from different perspectives, angles

Discussion, Conclusion and Implications This is your opportunity to show that you have understood the significance of your findings and that you are capable of applying theory in an independent manner.  The discussion will mainly consist of argumentation. To discuss means to reflect the meaning of the results/findings, present the reason or rationale of the findings, question your findings, and consider possible different interpretations. In other words, you investigate the phenomenon from several different perspectives.

Discussion, Conclusion and Implications.. The conclusion of a research project reaffirms the problem statement, discusses the issues, and reaches a final judgment. The conclusion is not a summary; it is a belief based on your reasoning and on the evidence you have accumulated. Your research project needs to identify why and how the analyses and interpretations were made and the way key concepts in the analyses evolved. In addition, you need to inform the reader of any unexpected findings or patterns that emerged from the data and report a range of evidence to support assertions or interpretations presented. Your research project report must pull together all of the parts of your argument and refer the reader back to the focus you have outlined in your introduction.

Discussion, Conclusion and Implications.. Your conclusion chapter should also incorporate the implications of your findings in terms of theory, policy or practice in your area of study. What are the implications of your research for people working in the field that you have studies? Implications should include, theoretical and practical: Remedial actions to solve the problem. Further research to fill in gaps in our understanding.  Directions for future investigations on this or related topics. 

Others References Annex