Tumor necrosis factor α in the onset and progression of leukemia Xiaoxi Zhou, Zhuoya Li, Jianfeng Zhou  Experimental Hematology  Volume 45, Pages 17-26 (January 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.10.005 Copyright © 2016 ISEH - International Society for Experimental Hematology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 TNF-α mediated cell survival. The TNF-α–TNFR1–TRADD–TRAF2–RIP and tmTNF-α–TNFR2–TRAF2 complexes trigger signals leading to activation of the transcriptional factor AP-1 through activation of MAPK kinases and JNK and activation of the transcriptional factor NF-κB through the IKK complex. The tmTNF-α–TNFR2 complex also triggers signals leading to suppression of caspase 9, BAD, and FKHRL1 through activation of the PI3K–Akt pathway and promoting cell survival. Experimental Hematology 2017 45, 17-26DOI: (10.1016/j.exphem.2016.10.005) Copyright © 2016 ISEH - International Society for Experimental Hematology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Leukemia cells cross-talk with suppressive immune cells via TNF-α and TNFRs. Experimental Hematology 2017 45, 17-26DOI: (10.1016/j.exphem.2016.10.005) Copyright © 2016 ISEH - International Society for Experimental Hematology Terms and Conditions