“Native Americans” Chapter 8 Section 3

Culture of the Great Plains The Sioux and Dakota were nomads: Roaming vast distances, following their main source force of food The loss of hunting grounds, forced movement, and broken treaties resulted in a serious toll on Native Americans Many began to resist

Cultures Under Pressure The Dakota Sioux Uprising The U.S. government issued annuities, or payments to reservation dwellers Chief Little Crow Led a resistance against the settlers because Congress was late with the annuity payments Lakota Sioux Defend Their Territory Fought hard to defend their hunting grounds Leading the were chiefs Red Cloud, Crazy Horse, and Sitting Bull

Cultures Under Pressure Sand Creek Trade came to a standstill, dozens of ranches were burned, and over 200 settlers killed The Cheyenne came to Camp Lyon to negotiate Colonel Chivington attacked the Cheyenne at Sand creek 14 soldiers died and 6 to 600 Native Americans A doomed Plan for Peace Indian Peace Commission Created two large reservations on the plains

The Last Native American Wars The Army encouraged white hunters to kill buffalo to force Native Americans on reservations Battle of the Little Bighorn George A. Custer Sitting Bull Tragedy at Wounded Knee Confrontation occurred because the Lakota chief’s followers continued to perform a ritual Ghost dance

Assimilation Some people believed that relationships would improve if Native Americans began to assimilate The Dawes Act Attempted to help Native Americans by selling land and building a trust of money for them 160 acres of land to the head of household 80 acres to a single adult 40 acres to each dependent child