Distributed Database Management Systems

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Presentation transcript:

Distributed Database Management Systems Lecture 09

In the previous lecture Derived Relational Algebra Ops….. Relational Calculus Computer Networks

In this Lecture Networks continued DDBMS Architecture

Scale

Local Area Network Metropolitan Area Network Wide Area Network

WANs Used Inter-City, country or even continental Gives low bandwidth, high latency

Can be Broadcast and Point to Point In Point to Point Circuit Switching Packet Switching

Circuit Switching Dedicated link b/w Sender Receiver Maintained during conversation

Packet Switching Message into Packets May take different routes Need to be sorted

Advantages of Packet Switching Better Link Utilization Bursty Nature of communication Parallel transmission

LANs Small geographical area (usu. 2 km) High bandwidth Low latency Technology – Mainly Ethernet, now 100/1000Mbps

MANs Between LAN and WAN Cover city or portion Larger LANs

Protocol Standards

Set of rules and formats for exchanging data, arranged into layers called protocol suite/ stack.

WAN faces max heterogeneity Needs protocols ISO/OSI

ISO/OSI Architecture Network built in seven layers Interfaces for passing information b/w layers

Protocols between corresponding layers at different sites Lower three layers form Comm. subnet

TCP/IP Architecture Another popular Architecture Five layers IEEE Committee 802

Distributed DBMS Architecture

Architecture of a systems defines its structure

Sheth, A. P., Larson, J. A., ‘ Federated Database Systems for Managing Distributed Heterogeneous, and Autonomous Databases’, ACM Computing Surveys, 22, No. 3, p(183-236), Sep., 90

Three major (idealized) architectures of DDBMS discussed Peer to peer Client/Server Multidatabase

DBMS Standardization A conceptual framework to divide standardization work into manageable pieces

Component-based Function-based Data-based

Practically Every aspect has to be considered These Classification schemes are Orthogonal A committee for the task established in 1972 by ANSI under SPARC Published standard in 1977

Reference Model External Conceptual Internal View Users Internal Schema Conceptual Schema External Schema Users